华夏时报（www.chinatimes.net.cn）记者 赵奕 胡金华 上海报道
Reporter of the Summer Times (www.chinatimes.net.cn)
1月10日晚，美国最大加密货币交易所Coinbase（代码：COIN）发布公告称，计划裁员20%，约950名员工，以保障公司在加密货币市场低迷期间拥有充足的现金流。
On the evening of 10 January, Coinbase (code: COIN), the largest encrypted currency exchange in the United States, issued an announcement stating that 20 per cent of the planned staff would be laid off, with approximately 950 employees, in order to guarantee the company sufficient cash flow during the downturn in the crypto-currency market.
值得注意的是，这并不是Coinbase第一次裁员，2022年6月裁员1100人，占其员工总数的18%，随后在11月Coinbase再次裁员60人。但在消息发布后，Coinbase股价不跌反涨，截至周二（10日）美股收盘，该公司股票日涨幅近13%，最新股价为43.23美元。
It is worth noting that this is not the first time Coinbase has been downsized, with 1100 staff downsized in June 2022, or 18% of its total workforce, and then 60 more in November. But since the news came out, Coinbase’s share price has not rebounded and, as of Tuesday (10), the United States shares have closed, with the company’s shares increasing by almost 13% a day, with the latest share price of $43.23.
事实上，近期不断有加密企业宣布裁员，Coinbase、火必（原火币）、Genesis、Silvergate等知名加密企业均有裁员计划传出，为本就低迷的市场增添了一丝悲凉。
In fact, recent job cuts have been announced by cryptographic companies, such as Coinbase, Fire Pyre, Genesis and Silvergate, all of which are known as encryption companies, adding a glimmer of sadness to the blighting market.
“去年DeFi系列和NFT很火的时候，加密数字货币行业从传统互联网行业吸走了不少人才，但是今年熊市的影响比较明显，量价齐跌对交易所来说感观最直接，虽然币圈很多机构借助Web3等领域来吸引投资者，但是‘春江水暖鸭先知’，交易所等机构需要首先把收益回报做起来，才能提振行业信心，因此裁员成了降本增效的选择。”北京计算机学会数字经济专委会秘书长王娟向《华夏时报》记者表示。
“When the DeFi series and NFT were hot last year, the crypto-digital money industry attracted a lot of talent from the traditional Internet industry, but this year the impact of the Bear City was more pronounced, and the price drop was the most direct to the exchange. While many of the currency circles used areas such as Web3 to attract investors, “Spring River’s Warm Duck Prophet” and other agencies such as the Exchange needed to pay the returns first in order to boost industry confidence, so layoffs became an option to reduce efficiency gains.” The Secretary-General of the Beijing Computer Institute’s Digital Economic Commission, Wang Xiao, told the Washington Times journalist.
Coinbase熊市中第三次裁员
Third layoff in Coinbase Bear City
根据公告，Coinbase对于本次裁员重组解释称，为了实现显著降低运营成本，没有削减人力以外的手段，并表示将会向所有受到影响的美国员工继续提供14周（每一年工龄额外加两周）的基本工资、健康保险等福利，以及工作签证所需的支持。对于海外员工，将会参照所在国的法律提供类似支持。
According to the bulletin, Coinbase explained that, in order to achieve a significant reduction in operating costs, there was no additional means of reducing manpower, and said that basic wages, health insurance benefits, etc., and work visas would continue to be provided to all affected United States employees for 14 weeks (with an additional two weeks of service per year), as well as for overseas employees. Similar support would be provided by reference to the laws of the host country.
Coinbase披露称，重组计划将给今年第一季度额外带来1.49亿美元至1.63亿美元的开支，其中职工现金补偿约5800万至6800万美元，另外9100万至9500万美元的支出与加速授予股权奖励有关。
Coinbase disclosed that the reorganization plan would result in additional expenditures of $149 million to $163 million in the first quarter of the year, of which approximately $58 million to $68 million would be compensated by cash from employees and $91 million to $95 million related to the accelerated granting of equity incentives.
同时，作为裁员的的一部分，Coinbase也将关闭数个成功概率较低的项目，整套降本方案下来，预计将使Coinbase第一季度的运营费用下降25%。
At the same time, as part of the downsizing, Coinbase will also close down several projects with lower probability of success, with the complete downscaling programme expected to result in a 25 per cent reduction in the first quarter of Coinbase's operating costs.
Coinbase不是唯一裁员的加密巨头。近日，火必被曝光裁员20%，将员工上限控制在800人以内。同时，国内发薪主体将全部注销，沟通全员换签顾问合同，取消法币发薪，全部改为USDT发薪，并要求员工注册火必账户接受发薪。
Coinbase is not the only encrypting giant. In recent days, fire must be exposed by 20%, keeping the staff ceiling within 800.
火必全球顾问委员会成员孙宇晨1月8日在接受媒体采访时表示，火必没有遇到财务问题，裁员是基于运营目标的调整，大部分离开的员工将位于亚洲区域，预计将在第一季度完成。
In an interview with the media on 8 January in the morning, Sun Woo, a member of the Global Advisory Committee, said that fire must not have encountered financial problems, that layoffs were based on operational objectives and that most of the departing staff would be located in the Asian region and were expected to be completed in the first quarter.
此前，2022年12月，加密货币交易所Kraken也宣布计划裁员约1100人，占员工总数30%。Kraken联合创始人兼首席执行官Jesse Powell表示，此次裁员是因为加密货币价格崩跌以及整体经济环境；交易量和新客户帐户数量都大幅下滑，“该公司已耗尽其他减支方法”。
Earlier, in December 2022, Kraken, an encrypted currency exchange, announced plans to reduce its staff by about 1,100 persons, or 30% of the total number of employees. Jesse Powell, co-founder and CEO of Kraken, stated that this lay-off was due to a fall in the price of encrypted currency and the overall economic environment; the volume of transactions and the number of new customer accounts declined significantly, “the company has exhausted other methods of spending.”
而早在2022年6月份，该公司还曾表示，正在通过扩招500名有经验的员工，寻求扩大和发展其业务。
As early as June 2022, the company also indicated that it was seeking to expand and develop its operations by recruiting 500 experienced staff.
对此，资深区块链行业研究者王文君（化名）向《华夏时报》记者表示，加密企业裁员潮，实际上和传统行业、互联网行业所面临的裁员潮本质上无差异，这是当下宏观经济环境折射在各行各业的普遍现象，像Twitter、小米等众多明星企业进行裁员一样。只是加密企业所面临的行业环境有所不同，高风险资产配置在全球市场遇冷、对行业产生巨大影响的风险事件频发等加剧了加密行业的寒冬，而前两年牛市之中绝大多数企业都是积极扩张策略，在人才引进上又以高职高薪策略为主，进入熊市后从业务到组织都必须进行适时的收缩与调整才能保障企业安全过冬，这也是行业周期性的体现。
In response, Wang Wenjun, a senior sector researcher in the block chain, told the Washington Times that the job-retrenchment of encryption companies, in fact, the traditional industry and the Internet industry, did not differ in nature. This is a widespread phenomenon in which the macroeconomic environment is refractiond across a wide range of industries, such as Twitter and Mi.
王文君认为，从企业来看，这是企业面临经营管理风险不得不做的管理动作，短期可能会造成一定的用户、员工口碑及信心的影响，但长期来看则是为了企业发展与用户资产保障的举措。进行裁员，作为企业需要做好全面的方案，尤其是员工权益、平台稳定性、用户信任感等，切勿由解决经营风险演变成危机事件。
According to Wang Wenjun, this is a management exercise that enterprises have to perform in the short term because of the risks they face in managing their operations, which may have an impact on users, employees, and confidence, but in the long term it is a business-development and user-assets-protection initiative. Retrenchment, as an enterprise, requires comprehensive programmes, particularly for employee rights, platform stability, user trust, etc., that do not lead to crisis situations.
去年超2.7万个岗位被裁
记者注意到，裁员的不只是交易所，随着市场继续面临重大阻力，其他加密公司也开始通过裁员保存实力。根据CoinDesk统计，自2022年4月以来，整个加密行业已经失去了近27000个工作岗位。 According to CoinDesk, the entire encryption industry has lost nearly 27,000 jobs since April 2022. 1月7日，NFT交易市场SuperRare的开发商SuperRare Labs宣布将裁30%。 On 7 January, SuperRare Labs, the developer of the NFT market, SuperRare, announced a 30 per cent cut. 1月6日，加密货币贷款机构Genesis宣布，因受到FTX倒闭拖累，将裁员60人，占总员工数的30%，并将申请破产保护。而Genesis在2022年夏天裁减了260名员工中的20%。 On 6 January, Genesis, an encoded money lending institution, announced that 60 people, or 30 per cent of the total workforce, would be laid off due to the collapse of FTX, and that it would apply for bankruptcy protection. Genesis reduced 20 per cent of the 260 employees in the summer of 2022. 1月5日，加密银行Silvergate宣布裁员40%，约200名员工，并表示将削减业务。Silvergate在当日公布的部分季度业绩中表示，2022年第四季度与加密货币相关的存款从三季度末的119亿美元暴跌至38亿美元，暴跌68%。为了偿还提款，其出售了52亿美元的债券，出售债券损失的7.18亿美元远远超过该公司至少自2013年以来的总利润。 On 5 January, Silvergate, an encrypted bank, announced a 40 per cent cut in staff and about 200 employees, and stated that it would cut operations. Silvergate, in part of the quarterly performance announced on that date, indicated that deposits related to cryptographic currency fell sharply from $11.9 billion at the end of the third quarter to $3.8 billion in the fourth quarter of 2022, or 68 per cent. In order to repay the withdrawal, it sold $5.2 billion in bonds and lost $718 million far more than the company's total profits since at least 2013. 裁员也并不仅限于美国的加密公司，澳大利亚著名的加密货币交易所Swyftx也在近期宣布裁员90人。在此之前，该公司已经解雇了260名员工，占员工总数的35%。在阿根廷和巴西拥有大规模业务的加密货币交易所Lemon Cash也在近期前宣布裁员38%，理由是缺乏明确的复苏前景。 Retrenchment is not limited to encryption companies in the United States, and Swyftx, Australia’s well-known crypto-currency exchange, recently announced 90 cuts. Prior to that, the company had laid off 260 employees, or 35% of the total. 此外，记者注意到，随着加密寒冬的来临，大批投资者开始逃离，企业的高管也纷纷选择离职“避难”。 In addition, journalists noted that, with the onset of the encrypted winter, a large number of investors began to flee and the executives of the enterprise opted to leave their jobs “as a refuge”. 2022年8月，Alameda Research联合首席执行官Sam Trabucco辞职。同月离职的还有比特币“忠实粉丝”——美国上市云软件公司MicroStrategy的首席执行官Michael Saylor，以及Genesis的席执行官Michael Moro。 In August 2022, Alameda Research’s joint CEO, Sam Trabucco, resigned. 2022年9月，Kraken首席执行官Jesse Powell宣布卸任。同月，Celsius首席执行官Alex Mashinsky也宣布辞职。以太坊联合创始人、Parity Technologies首席执行官Gavin Wood于2022年10月卸任。Bored Ape Yacht Club创始人、Yuga Labs的首任首席执行官Nicole Muniz也表示将于2023年上半年离任。 In September 2022, Kraken’s CEO, Jesse Powell, resigned. In the same month, Celsius’ CEO, Alex Mashinsky, resigned. Gavin Wood, the founder of the Ethio-College and Chief Executive Officer of Parity Technologies, resigned in October 2022. 对此，王娟表示，目前美国加密市场监管体系越来越具体、越来越清晰，这意味着各类违规套利、资本炒作和内幕交易的风险越来越大，虽然币圈仍然每年都有新的高潮，但行业规范发展趋势已经不可逆转，一夜暴富的故事变得更难，监管的问询也会不断增加，对应出现的管理层离场是行业寒潮中又一次洗牌。 In response, Wang Jun stated that the increasing specificity and clarity of the current system of regulation of the United States encryption market meant that there was a growing risk of various types of arbitrage, capital manipulation and insider trading. Although the currency circle continued to have new peaks each year, the trend in industry norms had become irreversible, the story of one-night rich had become more difficult, regulatory inquiries would be increasing, and the accompanying management departure was yet another shuffling in the industry’s cold tide. 加密行业的寒冬究竟会持续多久？对此，王文君表示，加密行业的低迷，实际上体现的是高风险资产投资低迷，只是加密行业的周期性较短，前两年的牛市所带来的财富效应与当下的低迷形成的对比过于强烈。在全球经济转好的带动下也势必会加速加密行业的复苏，最直接的风向标就是美联储的加息策略，加息即将见顶则行业即将进入新的发展通道。 In response, Wang Wen-kun said that the slump in the encryption industry is in fact reflected in the low investment in high-risk assets, but only in the relatively short-cyclical nature of the encryption industry, and that the wealth effects of the cattle market in the previous two years are too strong in contrast to the current slump. The recovery of the encryption industry is also bound to accelerate, driven by a global economic turn-off, the most direct sign of which is the Fed’s interest-raising strategy, which is about to culminate in a new development path. “加密行业日益进入主流金融体系，不论是主权国家的认可以及法律监管还是参与投资、使用加密资产的用户都在扩大，这是行业存在与发展的基本面。对加密资产定义为金融资产，而金融的本质是风险，那么风险管理则会成为进一步行业发展的必要且核心竞争力之一。没有风险管理能力的企业，将逐步被淘汰，但因为该行业并未在全球形成合规监管体系则如何评价从业企业的风险管理能力则无从考究。在现阶段，只有依靠企业管理团队对风险的认知与意识来推动企业风险管理能力的投入，相信经历了行业众多暴雷事件后对从业者、用户均有起到警醒作用。”王文君表示。 “The industry’s presence and development are based on the growing integration of the encryption industry into the mainstream financial system, whether through the recognition of sovereign states and legal regulation and the expansion of users involved in investing in and using encrypted assets. Encrypted assets are defined as financial assets, and the nature of finance is risk, so risk management becomes one of the necessary and central competitiveness for further industry development. 责任编辑：徐芸茜 主编：公培佳 查看更多华夏时报文章，参与华夏时报微信互动（微信搜索「华夏时报」或「chinatimes」） Read more of the summer Times articles and participate in the summer Times micro-interactions ("/span" or "chinatimes
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