到现在为止，元宇宙的概念和路径其实都尚未清晰。
So far, neither the concept nor the path of the meta-cosmos is really clear.
元宇宙并不等用于游戏、也不等同于VR、更不等同于虚拟世界。
The meta-cosmos is not just for games, nor is it equal to VR, nor is it equal to the virtual world.
关于“元宇宙”，比较认可的思想源头是弗诺·文奇在1981年出版的小说《真名实姓》中，创造性地构思了一个通过脑机接口进入并获得感官体验的虚拟世界。
With regard to the “mass universe”, the more recognized source of thought was Vernor Vinch's creative conception of a virtual world that entered and gained sensory experience through brain interfaces in his novel Real Name, published in 1981.
在外界对元宇宙概念还头晕目眩时，与元宇宙相关的又一个新词席卷了整个行业。
At a time when the concept of the meta-cosm was dazed from outside, a new word related to the meta-cosm permeated the whole industry.
日前，微软宣布，川崎重工已成为其“工业元宇宙”业务的新客户。川崎重工计划让车间工人佩戴微软HoloLens头戴设备来辅助生产、维修和供应链管理。微软的工业元宇宙已有亨氏和波音两家重要客户。
Earlier, Microsoft announced that Kawasaki Heavy Industries had become a new customer in its “Industrial Dollar Universe” business. Kawasaki Heavy Industries planned to use Microsoft HoloLens headwear equipment to support production, maintenance, and supply chain management.
除了微软进军“工业元宇宙”外，另一个科技巨头英伟达也瞄向了“工业元宇宙”，基于Omniverse平台、AI以及计算等技术，英伟达可以实现构建工业元宇宙的成果。
In addition to Microsoft's advance in the “Industrial Space”, another technology giant, the Industrial Space, was also aimed at the “Industrial Space”, and based on such technologies as the Omniverse Platform, AI, and computing, it was possible to achieve the results of the construction of the Industrial Universe.
可以预见的是，元宇宙是国内外互联网企业以及工业企业，都想试图去触及并得以延展的一个领域。
What is foreseeable is that the meta-cosmos is an area that both domestic and international Internet enterprises, as well as industrial enterprises, are trying to reach and expand.
窥探“工业元宇宙”
"Industrial cosmos"
元宇宙，是在两个背景下出现的，一方面，存在于线下场景的数字化中，主要体现在社交、消费互联网领域，比如“社交元宇宙”、“游戏元宇宙”、“体育元宇宙”等；另一方面，源于产业和工业的数字化转型需求，也就是工业元宇宙。
The meta-cosm, on the one hand, is present in the digitalization of the sub-line landscape, mainly in the areas of socialization, consumer Internet, such as “social meta-cosm”, “gaming meta-cosm”, and “sport meta-cosm”, on the other hand, in the demand for digital transformation from industry and industry, i.e., the industrial meta-cosm.
“工业元宇宙”最为简单的理解，便是元宇宙相关概念、技术在工业领域的应用。
The simplest understanding of the “industrial cosmos” is the concept of metacosystem-related applications of technology in the industrial field.
与元宇宙类似，工业元宇宙不是一种技术，是一组技术概念的集合，它同样是基于互联网而生的，是数字信息高度发展的产物。
Like the meta-cosmos, the industrial cosmos is not a technology, it is a collection of technical concepts, it is also based on the Internet and it is a product of the high development of digital information.
业内提及比较多的一种定义：工业元宇宙是以XR、数字孪生为代表的新型信息通信技术与实体工业经济深度融合的新型工业生态。通过XR、AI、loT、云计算、数字孪生等技术，打通人、机、物、系统等领域的无缝连接，实现数字技术与现实工业结合，促进实体工业高效发展。
A relatively large definition is mentioned in industry: the new information and communication technology (ICT) universe, represented by XRs and digital twines, is integrated with the new industrial ecology of the depth of the real industrial economy. Through technology such as XRs, AI, loTs, cloud computing, digital twines, seamless connections in humans, machines, objects, systems, etc., digital technologies are integrated with the real industry, promoting the efficient development of the real industry.
如果把元宇宙看成是虚拟、现实与人、思想、意识相结合的世界，那么，工业元宇宙是元宇宙的一部分。如果把元宇宙看成一种概念、一种技术，那么，工业元宇宙可以理解成元宇宙概念、技术在工业中的应用，是元宇宙赋能工业，促进工业改进、创新，乃至革命的质变因素。
If the meta-cosmos is seen as a world of virtuality, reality, and people, ideas, and consciousness, then the industrial universe is part of the meta-cosmos. If the meta-cosmos is seen as a concept, a technology, then the industrial universe can be understood as a meta-cosmos concept, the application of technology in industry, an enabling industry in the meta-cosmos that promotes industrial improvement, innovation, and even revolution.
目前，我国工业在国民经济中占据着重要地位。公开数据显示，2021年我国全部工业增加值达到372575亿元，同比2020年增长9.6%，占比我国国民生产总值的32.58%。
At present, our industry plays an important role in the national economy. According to public data, the total industrial value added in 2021 amounted to $37,257.5 billion, an increase of 9.6 per cent compared with 2020, representing 32.58 per cent of our gross national product.
因此，结合国家政策，将两化融合、智能制造、数字化转型与元宇宙结合，提高这些技术的水平、能力，将对工业产生巨大影响，将促进工业产品、工业行业生产以及工业产品的应用上升到一个新的水平。
Thus, in conjunction with national policies, the combination of binary integration, intelligent manufacturing, digital transformation and meta-cosmos, and the upgrading of the level and capabilities of these technologies will have a significant impact on industry, raising to a new level the promotion of industrial products, industrial production and the application of industrial products.
外界普遍认为，在工业领域，由数字孪生、工业互联网、人工智能等新技术所构建起的数字化制造体系，是“工业元宇宙”最为透明、高可靠、易操作的实现方法之一。
In the industrial sphere, digital manufacturing systems, constructed by new technologies such as digital twins, industrial Internet, artificial intelligence, are widely recognized as one of the most transparent, reliable and operational ways of achieving the “industrial meta-cosmos”.
对于工业元宇宙带来的价值，业内也是众说纷纭。
There is also a great deal of talk about the value of the industrial universe.
有支持者认为，工业元宇宙将颠覆目前的经济社会结构，不同的传统行业将会在工业元宇宙中得到重生，是一次留给中国制造业弯道超车的历史性机遇；反对者则认为，工业元宇宙是概念炒作，目前离工业元宇宙的实现还存在遥远的距离，现在谈论纯属“无中生有”；甚至有部分人的观点认为，工业元宇宙就是工业乌托邦，是根本不存在的虚构。
Proponents argue that the industrial universe will destabilize the current economic and social fabric and that different traditional industries will be reborn in the industrial universe, a historic opportunity left for Chinese manufacturing to bend overboard; opponents argue that the industrial universe is a concoction and that there is still a long way to go before the realization of the industrial universe, and that even some argue that the industrial universe is an industrial utopia, a fiction that does not exist at all.
无可厚非的是，元宇宙的应用已经不只存在于消费领域，而是能推进工业领域的发展。
It is no secret that the applications of the meta-cosmos are no longer confined to the consumer sphere, but rather contribute to the development of the industrial sphere.
工业元宇宙，能做什么？
What can you do with the industrial cosmos?
对于工业元宇宙，在外界和专家看来，应该从可行性、必要性与迫切性方面进行分析、思考，要适度投入，结合具体细分领域、典型场景进行试探性推进。
In the case of the industrial universe, in the view of the outside world and experts, there is a need to analyse and reflect on feasibility, necessity and urgency, with modest input, with exploratory advances taking into account specific areas of disaggregation and typical scenarios.
目前，工业信息化发展的路径呈现出五个层级，分别是单元应用、系统化应用，集成化应用，网络化应用，以及与更为广泛的互联网应用。与之相当的，有业内人士认为，工业元宇宙的发展路径也会呈现出类似的趋势。
At present, the path to industrial informatization has five levels: modular applications, systematic applications, integrated applications, networked applications, and, more broadly, Internet applications. By contrast, industrialists believe that the path to the development of the industrial meta-cosm will show a similar trend.
在此过程中，工业元宇宙主要承担起两方面的重要工作。一层，工业元宇宙需要强化物理世界与信息世界的联动，保障信息为物理世界服务，才能真实推动工业的数字化转型；另一层，需要完成三个层面的信息整合，包括企业垂直信息整合、生产链条信息整合。
In this process, the industrial meta-cosmos takes on two important tasks. On the one hand, the industrial cosmos needs to strengthen the connection between the physical world and the information world, guaranteeing that information serves the physical world in order to actually drive the digital transformation of industry; on the other, it needs to complete the integration of information at three levels, including vertical information integration of enterprises and production chain information integration.
包括，设备信息、工控系统、工业软件以及生产制造所涉及的设计、研发、制造、仓储、销售等环节信息，都是元宇宙应用在工业行业以及工业企业所需要涉及到的信息。
This includes information on equipment information, industrial control systems, industrial software and design, research and development, manufacturing, warehousing, marketing, etc. involved in manufacturing, which is needed for the application of meta-cosmos in industry and industrial enterprises.
而工业元宇宙所构建的场景对象是一个确切的物理系统，系统中的组织关系和任务是明确的，所要解决的问题背后的问题也是明确的。
And the scenes built by the universe of industrial dollars are a precise physical system, with clear organizational relationships and mandates and clear questions behind the issues to be addressed.
这意味着工业元宇宙不仅仅只是实现单个领域和生产线中的信息互动，而是同样要做到多个领域、或者是行业内多个企业的信息实现互联互通，让所有信息能够为多个主体所服务。实现多个主体的互动、协同，达到实时性、精准性、准确性的生产目的。
This means that the industrial universe is not just about information interactions in individual domains and production lines, but is also about information connectivity in multiple fields, or in industries, so that all information can be used for multiple subjects. It is about interaction, synergy, real-time, precision, accuracy and production.
例如，工业元宇宙可能会把数字孪生带到一个全新的水平。在元宇宙环境中的模拟测试，可以让工业企业为自身的生态系统测试数千种潜在场景，并为企业生产选择最佳策略。通过这样的方式和预测，企业不仅可以实时了解设备的运行情况，还可以预测生产设备未来的使用结果。
Simulation tests in the meta-cosmos environment allow industrial enterprises to test thousands of potential scenarios for their own ecosystems and to choose the best strategies for their production. In this way and predicting, enterprises can not only learn about the operation of equipment in real time, but also predict the future use of production equipment.
而生产级别的模拟只是一系列潜在工业级别应用的开始，在《工业周刊》此前发布的一份报告中，IDC分析师JanBurian提供了一些引人注目的工业元宇宙将实现的用例：通过虚拟工厂参观和互动组装提升品牌知名度，利用数字人类模拟人类行为，实现机器、工厂、供应链甚至整个生态系统的布局、性能和相互作用的模拟等，均可以通过工业元宇宙相关技术、应用所实现。
Production-level simulations are only the beginning of a series of potential industrial-level applications, and in a previous report published by the Industry Weekly, IDC analyst Jan Burian provided some examples of what a remarkable industrial meta-cosm would be achieved: the upgrading of brand visibility through virtual factory visits and interactive assembly, the use of digital humans to simulate human behavior, the layout, performance and interaction of machines, factories, supply chains and even entire ecosystems could be achieved through the application of technology related to the industrial meta-cosm.
可以看出，由元宇宙所构成的相关解决方案、技术将会工业生产在诸多方面带来实质性的便利。
As can be seen, the relevant solutions, technology, made up of meta-cosmos, will provide substantial facilities for industrial production in a number of ways.
万亿市场显现，缺的不仅是硬件落地
“工业元宇宙”的必经之路，是数字孪生平台，或者说数字孪生，是工业元宇宙发展所呈现出一种状态。 The necessary route to the “industrial universe” is a digital twin platform, or a digital twin, a state of development in the industrial universe. 数字孪生是现实世界向虚拟世界的1︰1映射，通过在虚拟世界对生产过程、生产设备的控制来模拟现实世界的工业生产，更加注重“由虚向实”。 Digital twins are maps of the real world to the virtual world of 1.1, which simulates real world industrial production by controlling production processes and production equipment in the virtual world, with a greater focus on “false reality”. 而工业元宇宙所反映的虚拟世界不止有现实世界的映射，还具有现实世界中尚未实现甚至无法实现的体验与交互，是“由虚向实”到“虚实协同”的转变。 And the virtual world, as reflected in the industrial universe, has not only a map of the real world, but also experiences and interactions in the real world that have not yet been, if not, achieved, a shift from a “false” to a “false synergy”. 目前，泛行业在数字孪生上的应用越来越普及。例如在港口场景中，通过动态数据实时驱动，在数字孪生全要素场景下，能够覆盖从货物到港、装卸、转堆、仓储及出港的全周期作业仿真。 There is now a growing use of digital twines in the industry. For example, in port settings, dynamic data are driven in real time, and in digital twin factor settings, it is possible to cover the full cycle of operations from cargo to port, loading, unloading, dumping, warehousing, and leaving port. 而更为贴近我们日常生活的领域，如地铁、社区等场景也已经运用到了数字孪生相关技术。此前，51WORLD就与科大讯飞合作，为郑州管城区平等街道社区打造了智慧社区平台，从安全、服务、环境等方面全面赋能，为社区管理人员提供了三维可视化的直观管理手段，形成了高效管理模式。 In other areas of our daily life, such as subways, communities, etc., digital technologies have been applied. Previously, 51WORLD worked with Quest to create an intelligent community platform for equitable street communities in Chengzhou, providing comprehensive empowerment in terms of safety, services, the environment, etc., and providing community managers with visual management tools of three-dimensional visualization and an efficient management model. 在外界看来，工业元宇宙可以看作是智能制造的“未来形态”。通过“工业元宇宙”赋能工业制造各环节、场景，使工业企业达到降低成本、提高生产效率的目的，实现智能制造的进一步升级。 In the view of the outside world, the industrial meta-cosmos can be seen as the “future shape” of intelligent manufacturing. Through the “industrial cosmos” enabling industry, it creates links and scenes that enable industrial enterprises to achieve lower costs and productivity and further upgrade intelligent manufacturing. 当前国内不少企业正在向智能制造靠拢。作为高度依靠全自动化生产线生产的手机行业，可以说就是其中的典型之一。 A number of firms in the country are now moving toward smart manufacturing. As a mobile phone industry that relies heavily on fully automated production lines, one can say one of these is typical. 目前，小米智能工厂一期已经下线生产，二期工厂也将预计2023年底开始投入生产。小米智能工厂是高度智能化的“黑灯工厂”，内部可以实现全程自动化无人生产，仅进行人工物料补给，真正做到自动化、信息化、智能化，年产量达到百万台级别。 Currently, the first phase of the mill is offline, and the second phase is expected to start production by the end of 2023. The mill is a highly intelligent “blacklight plant” that can automate the entire process of production from the inside, providing only artificial supplies, real automation, informatization, intelligence, and annual production of millions of units. 除此之外，汽车制造也需要高度的全自动化智能生产线。国内汽车厂商吉利汽车从新车设计、工艺开发、试产验证等都已大量使用到赛博物理系统，大大缩减了新车研制的周期；国外汽车厂商中，宝马也与英伟达正开展虚拟工厂相关合作，宝马将引入英伟达Omniverse平台协调31座工厂生产，有望将宝马生产效率提高30%。 In addition to this, auto manufacturing requires a high degree of fully automated intelligent production line. Domestic car manufacturers, Gilly, have made extensive use of new car design, process development, test certification, etc., to the Cyber Physics System, significantly reducing the cycle of new car development; among foreign car manufacturers, BMW is also working with YMW, and BMW is bringing in BMW to coordinate the production of 31 plants at the Omniverse platform in England, which is expected to increase BMW production efficiency by 30%. 而随着元宇宙相关技术的逐步成熟，对于连接进入系统的主体、内容将会越来越多。工业元宇宙的应用场景将覆盖产品从研发设计到销售售后的全生命周期，“虚实协同”指导和推进工业流程优化和效率提升，实现降本提效、高效协同、节能减排的效果。 As meta-cosmos-related technology matures, there will be an increase in the number of objects and content connected to the system. The applications of the industrial cosmos will cover the entire life cycle from the design of research and development to the sale of the product, guiding and promoting the optimization and efficiency of industrial processes, with the effect of reducing downscaling effects, efficiency synergies, and energy savings. 机构统计，2020年我国工业互联网核心产业经济增加值总体规模达到6520亿元，2025年预计将达到16224亿元。工业元宇宙作为工业互联网更高级的形态，可以在工业互联网市场持续发力和渗透。 According to institutional statistics, the overall economic value added of our industrial Internet core industry reached $652 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach $162.4 billion in 2025. As a more advanced form of industrial Internet, the industrial universe can sustain its dynamism and penetration in the industrial Internet market. 但工业元宇宙的发展，与应用在2C场景的元宇宙相似，都需要软硬件的共同支持。除了芯片、传感器、光学镜头、VR/AR设备等硬件设备作为底座外，同时，强大的算力、网络、云平台等基础技术的支撑也至关重要。 But the evolution of the industrial meta-cosm, similar to the meta-cosm that is applied in 2C scenes, requires the combined support of hardware and hardware. In addition to hardware equipment such as chips, sensors, optical lenses, VR/AR devices as the base, the support of basic technologies such as high computing power, networks, cloud platforms, etc. is also essential. 对于工业行业而言，云化是必然的发展方向，云平台将成为工业企业链接数字世界、虚拟世界交集的基础与场所，制定更为完善地规范、接口、协议，是工业行业“上云”的基础所在，才能更好地进行信息、资源的集成、统一。 Cloudization is the inevitable development direction for the industrial sector, and the cloud platform will serve as the basis and place for the digital world of industrial enterprise linkages, the virtual confluence of the world, and the development of better norms, interfaces and agreements that are the basis for the industrial industry's “high cloud” so that information, resource integration and harmonization can be better achieved. 但随着网络、云计算、芯片等基础设施的逐渐完善。或许，在一次漫不经心的技术革命后，工业元宇宙就迅速崛起。 But as infrastructure, such as networks, cloud computing, chips, etc., evolves. Perhaps, after a mindless technological revolution, the industrial universe rises rapidly. 文章来源：新工业洞察 Source: New Industry Insight
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