基金经理老鼠仓，说好保本变巨亏，买基金被坑请到【基金曝光台】！信用卡无故遭盗刷，银行存款变保险，理财被骗请猛戳【金融曝光台】！
原标题：比特币挖矿到底有多赚钱？火币邀矿工大牛解密
12月6日晚上8点，在火币网的线上微信群中进行了第4期的“火币大家说”微信讲座。这一期邀请到的是现任HaoBTC高级运营经理孙纯宇先生。他曾负责HaoBTC的矿业运营管理，本期活动他为爱好者们分享了——比特币“挖矿产业”的赚钱秘诀。
On December 6th, at 8 p.m., the fourth issue of the “Cybers say” micro-message lecture was held at the WikiLeaks' WikiLeaks. This session was invited by Mr. Sun Junwoo, the current Senior Operations Manager of HaoBTC. He was in charge of the management of HaoBTC's mining operations, and he shared the secret of Bitcoin's “mining industry” for his fans.
在2015年至2016年间，他带领团队将HaoBTC算力占比由全球2[%]提升至全球6[%]，掌管算历达110P以上。这是一个什么概念呢？可以理解成，全世界如果有100个比特币被挖出来，大概有接近6个比特币是被他们挖到的。
Between 2015 and 2016, he led a team to raise the HaoBTC computing power ratio from 2 [per cent] globally to 6 [per cent] globally, with a management history of more than 110 P. What is this concept? Understandably, if 100 bitcoins were dug up around the world, almost six bitcoins would have been dug up by them.
什么是比特币挖矿？
What's a bitcoin mining?
挖矿是增加比特币货币供应的一个过程，同时还保护着比特币系统的安全，防止欺诈交易，矿工们通过为比特币网络提供算力来换取获得比特币奖励的机会。比特币是一个点对点的支付系统，其核心是交易。就是你给我发一笔交易，我给你发一笔交易。这些交易得有人来帮我们记账。就像支付宝公司会帮用户记账，我们在银行转账会由银行来记账。那比特币里是由一个叫矿工的人来记账的。
Mining is a process that increases the currency supply of bitcoin, while also protecting the security of the bitcoin system against fraudulent transactions, and miners offer the opportunity to get a bitcoin reward by providing arithmetic for the Bitcoin network. Bitcoin is a point-to-point payment system, the core of which is a transaction. You send me a deal, and I send you a deal. These transactions have to be accounted for. Just as paying treasure companies keep accounts for users, we keep bank accounts for bank transfers. That bitcoin is accounted for by a man called a miner.
比特币产量减半
Bitcoin by half
每记一页新增奖励变成之前的一半这个时间点呢，就叫比特币减半，基本上4年左右会有一次。目前比特币网络已经进行过了两次减半，第一次是在2012年11月底。今年7月份又进行了一次减半，这次减半后，每一页新增比特币奖励由之前的25个变成了12.5个。
Each page of the new incentive is half before it becomes half of the time, which is called the bitcoin by half, almost once in four years or so. The Bitcoin network has now been halved twice, for the first time at the end of November 2012. A further halving was carried out in July this year, when the 25 new bitcoins per page became 12.5.
下一次减半预计大概在2020年5月份前后，以此类推，大概在2140年左右呢，比特币系统将不在有新生成的比特币产生。矿工的奖励除了新增加的比特币，还有每个区块里的交易手续，目前新增奖励是大头，未来比特币系统的交易手续费才是矿工的主要收入，2100万个比特币全挖出来后，矿工将只靠比特币手续来获得收益。
The next half is expected to be around May 2020, and, by extension, around 2140, the Bitcoin system will not be generated by newly-generated bitcoin. In addition to the new bitcoin, there will be transactions in each block.
挖矿算力的演进
The evolution of mine mining.
2009年1月3号的时候，比特币创世区块诞生，最初全世界只有两个矿工，除了中本聪之外，另一个叫哈尔？芬尼，他是在密码圈成名已久大牛，他也是第一笔比特币转账的接收者，早期只有他和中本聪两个人在测试比特币网络。
At the time of the birth of the Bitcoin creation block on 3 January 2009, there were only two miners in the world, the other being Hal, in addition to Nakamoto, who was known for his time in the cryptosphere, who was also the recipient of the first Bitcoin transfer, and who had been testing the Bitcoin network at an early stage only between him and Nakamoto.
最初这两个人靠普通电脑CPU10分钟能挖50个比特币。这个难度每生成2016个块，也就是在比特币这个账本上记2016页帐调整一次。反正不管多少人来猜，这个题的难度会始终保证大概10分钟左右让大家猜出来，其他规则不变，还是谁先猜出来，新增加的比特币给谁。为啥挖矿的人会越来越多？因为，比特币价格一直在涨！最初比特币一文不值，只是极客之间的玩物，这个是后比特币全网计算能力小于100MH/s(1亿次/S)
At first, these two people can dig 50 bits of bitcoins with a normal computer CPU 10 minutes. This difficulty is to generate 2016 pieces, that is to say, a 2016-page adjustment on a bitcoin account book. No matter how many people guess it, the difficulty of the subject is always to let you guess about 10 minutes or so, the other rules remain the same, and who's to guess first, who's to whom the new bitcoins are to be added.
2010年5月22日，一个哥们拿10000个比特币买了25美元的披萨，折合一个比特币0.0025美元，两个月后到2010年7月一枚比特币值5美分，翻了20倍，到11月份的时候比特币价格变成了0.5美元，半年时间涨了200倍。
On 22 May 2010, a buddy bought 25-dollar pizzas with 10,000 bitcoins, equivalent to 0.0025 bitcoins, and two months later, by July 2010, a bitcoin valued at 5 cents, a 20-fold increase, and by November, the price of bitcoins was 0.5 dollars, and 200 times more than half a year.
比特币矿机及厂商
bitcoinminers and manufacturers
全网算力变成了多少呢？40GH/S，400亿次!涨了400倍！！！为什么涨了这么多？因为2010年6月份开始，有人开始用显卡挖矿了GPU，显卡挖矿有什么好处？一张显卡顶几十个CPU，一个板子上可以搞好几块显卡，因为越来越多人知道挖矿有利可图，个人挖矿就没有优势了，就有人发明了矿池这个概念，把大家的算力集中起来和别人竞争，赢了大家一起分收益。
How much has the net become? 40 GH/S, 40 billion times! 400 times!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
后来陆续出了非常多的矿机厂商，有的是自己研发芯片加制造矿机。除阿瓦隆外，后来又出现了许多的矿机公司，比如，国内的烤猫，蚂蚁，龙矿等等。
And then there's a lot of miners, some of them developing chips and machines. Besides Avalon, there's a lot of mining companies, like domestic roast cats, ants, dragon mines, and so on.
其实CPU时代就已经有人用IDC机房里掌握的计算机挖矿了，显卡和FPGA时代也有人会买几百张显卡挖矿，只是现在这个规模挖矿时代，已经远远不是几百张显卡的规模了，动辄几千台矿机的机房，24小时专职维护人员，风冷水冷保温措施等等，来保证矿场持续的运转，所以目前比特币挖矿已经进入了规模化矿场的时代。
In fact, the CPU era has been marked by the use of computers in the IDC machine room, and the FPGA era has been marked by the purchase of hundreds of cards for mining. Only now, when the size of the mine is far from the size of hundreds of cards, the machine room for thousands of miners, 24-hour full-time maintenance, cold-water cooling measures, etc., has ensured the continued operation of the mine, so that the bitcoin mine is now in the era of scalding.
目前最新的矿机是蚂蚁的S9和阿瓦隆的A7，16NM芯片，一台矿机，已经低得上全网总算力已经突破了2000P，这是什么概念呢？也就是说比特币网络现在每秒可以做200万万亿也就是200万兆，或者说2*10^18次计算。
The latest mine currently is the ant S9 and Avalon A7,16NM chip, and a miner, which is already low enough to reach the net total of 2,000 Ps, and what is the concept that the Bitcoin network can now do two trillions, or two trillions per second, or two hundred and eighteen counts per second.
比特币挖矿耗电究竟有多大
How much electricity does it take to dig a mine in Bitcoin?
有人质疑，比特币挖矿做这么多无谓的运算太耗电，目前比特币系统的市值已经突破100亿美元了，按目前的币价计算，每年新挖出的比特币也在5亿美元以上，维护这么庞大市值的一个金融系统有一些花销是正常的。我们现在银行系统，也需要雇佣职员，纸币印刷，安保等其他消耗。按主流算力的功耗，一个粗率的估算是，现在全球比特币挖矿行业每小时的耗电量应该大于60万度电。
It has been questioned that the value of the bitcoin system is now over $10 billion, that the new bitcoins are more than $500 million a year at current currency prices, and that some of the costs of a financial system that maintains such a large market value are normal. We now need to hire staff, paper printing, security, and other consumption. By the power of mainstream calculations, a crude estimate is that the world's Bitcoin mining industry now consumes more than 600,000 degrees of electricity per hour per hour.
四川省2016年的弃水弃电可能有接近200亿度，一座2*35W千瓦的火电站就可以解决，比特币挖矿刚好可以消耗掉一部分弃能。
In Sichuan Province, water disposal may be close to 20 billion degrees in 2016, a fire power station of 2*35W kW can be addressed, and bitcoin mining can consume some of the disposal energy.
前10大矿池，7家在中国，这几家矿池的算力占比接近70[%]左右，其中包括好比特币矿池占6[%]左右。
The top 10 mining ponds, seven of which are in China, account for approximately 70 [per cent] of their capacity, including about 6 [per cent] of the good bitcoin.
比特币挖矿的收益
Bitcoin mine proceeds
挖矿到底赚不赚钱？影响挖矿收益的几个因素：首先是币价，币价越高，挖矿越赚钱。其次是难度，难度上涨的越慢挖矿越赚钱。成本越低挖矿越赚钱，当然，这里成本指的是算力购买成本和运营成本，包括人工，网费，建设费电费等等。这个成本越低越好。挖矿需要应对的风险就是币价的暴跌，挖矿难度的暴涨，以及挖矿成本的上升。
The lower the cost, of course, is the cost of arithmetic purchasing and operating costs, including labour, network fees, construction costs, etc. The lower the cost. The risk to be addressed is a sharp fall in currency prices, a sharp rise in the difficulty of mining, and an increase in the cost of mining.
比特币挖矿产业的未来
The future of the bitcoin mining industry.
作为可以体现中本聪设计比特币之初的算力既权利的思想，以及整个比特币系统安全的根基，挖矿这个行业会一直存在，但回本的周期会慢慢延长，不太可能再出现发展初期的，几十天甚至十几天回本的情况，1年以上的回本周期将是常态。随着币价的上涨，算力也会出现缓慢的上涨，因为现在算力基数已经很大了。不太可能出现之前一个难度周期涨20[%]左右的情况了，
The mining industry will continue to exist as an idea that reflects the power of the medium-sized design of Bitcoin from the beginning, and the safety of the entire bitcoin system, but the return cycle will be extended slowly, and it is unlikely that the early years of development, dozens of days or even a dozen days, will be normal for more than a year. As the currency rises, there will also be a slow increase in the arithmetic, because the basis of the calculation is already very large. It is unlikely that the previous difficult cycle will rise by about 20 [per cent].
未来挖矿会高度的集约化，会有一些超大型矿场建成。分工也会更加细化，制造矿机，矿场运营，大家都会去做自己最擅长的事情，更多的人，通过云算力，或标准算力交易所等形式参与到挖矿中来。
In the future, mining will be highly intensive, and there will be mega-mines. The division of labour will be more refined, the machines will be made, the mines will be operated, everyone will do their best, more people will be involved in mining through cloud computing, or standard computing exchanges, etc.
关于“火币大家说”活动
about the "Signature Say" event
火币精心打造的“火币大家说”，携数家国内最优秀的从事区块链资产研究及数字货币相关领域的企业和机构大咖为大家深入剖析：区块链资产及比特币上下游产业链的现状。
A carefully crafted “fire money,” the best companies and institutions in the country in the area of block-chain asset research and digital money-related fields, provide insight into the current situation of block-chain assets and the industry chain of Bitcoin up and down.
“火币大家说”的主要形式为微信群讲座，在火币网官方微信的推送内容中可以了解到最新一期活动的详情。每期都会有1位来自国内优秀的区块链或数字货币相关领域大咖，为大家带来精彩的分享，让我们的小伙伴们更了解比特币是怎么回事、行业是怎么回事，能够更明明白白地在这个行业里愉快地玩耍。我们的火币大家说直播主要有两部分，第一部分是嘉宾分享，第二部分是嘉宾对大家的提问进行回答。
The main form of the "Fire Money Says" is the MicroCredit Lecture, the most recent edition of which can be seen in the content of the official Wirenet micro-letter. Each issue will be shared by a man from a country’s excellent block chain or digital-currency-related field, giving our little partners a better idea of what Bitcoin is about, how the industry is about, and how they can play with great pleasure in the business. We all say that there are two parts of the live air, the first part being shared by guests, and the second part responding to questions from guests.
那么我们在前三期分别邀请了第一期火币COO朱嘉伟分享了 区块链行业的发展概况，第二期 雷盈创始人沈陶磊分享了他们是怎么在第一时间发现Bitfinex被盗的，第三期比太钱包创始人文浩分享了比特币的分类、怎样存储比特币钱包更安全。
So in the first three issues, we invited the first one to share an overview of the development of the block chain industry, the second one to share with the founder of Ray how they discovered Bitfinex's theft in the first place, and the third one to share bitcoin's classification and how to store bitcoin's wallets safer than the founder of Tai's purse, Wenho.
进入【新浪财经股吧】讨论
注册有任何问题请添加 微信：MVIP619 拉你进入群
打开微信扫一扫
添加客服
进入交流群
发表评论