专业科普:
Professional science:
区块链节点,通常指的是区块链网络中的计算机,也就是说任何连接到区块链网络的计算机(包括手机,矿机等)都称为节点。比如说比特币网络,是一个公有链,用户在自己的联网电脑上运行比特币程序时,这个电脑就成为比特币区块链网络中的一个节点。是指下载了相关加密货币的节点软件,以参与对等网络的计算机。操作一个节点可以是普通钱包用户,矿工或多人协作。不同的区块链对节点的数量和要求有所不同。通常,节点首先需要具有一定的存储空间,保证足够好的性能以免一跑就堵塞,然后设备需要连接网络,并可以使用矿机、服务器和电脑等进行操作接入区块链,具体使用什么工具视节点要求而定。
Block chain nodes, usually referred to as computers in the block chain network, which means that any computer connected to the block chain network (including mobile phones, mining machines, etc.) is referred to as nodes. For example, the Bitcoin network is a public chain, and when users run bitcoins on their network computer, the computer becomes a node in the Bitcoins network. The node software for the encoded currency is downloaded to participate in the peer network.
区块链节点有何特征:
What are the characteristics of the block chain nodes:
1、具有存储空间,可以将区块数据存储在TF卡、U盘、移动硬盘和计算机等。
1. Have storage space to store block data on TF cards, Udisk, mobile hard disks, computers, etc.
2、连接网络,所有的存储空间的设备必须连接网络。
2. To connect to the network, all storage space equipment must be connected to the network.
3、参与区块链,需要在存储空间上运行区块链相应程序,通过可视化终端进行交易。
3. Participation in block chains requires the operation of block chains corresponding to procedures in storage space and transactions through visualization terminals.
每一个安装有数字货币客户端并连接到数字货币区块链的电脑就是数字货币区块链的一个有效节点。这个世界上有多少这样的电脑或手机,区块链上就有多少个节点。
Every computer with a digital currency client and connected to the digital currency block chain is a valid node in the digital currency block chain. The number of computers or mobile phones in the world is the number of nodes in the block chain.
区块链是个分布式系统,系统里有很多节点,这些节点你只要单纯地理解为通过互联网相连的电脑或者服务器就好了。然后根据区块链性质的不同,成为节点的方式也不同,当然,对于节点的定义也不同。对于像比特币这样的公有链,理论上来讲,你下载完整的区块链,参与交易和挖矿,才算是节点。然而,在现在的比特币里,矿工,完全节点,轻量节点,甚至普通用户,在不同的语境下都可能被称为节点。但无论如何,比特币的系统与其说是“连入网络就会自动更新区块链”,不如说是你想要挖矿或者是交易(同时你不信任其他人的验证结果),就必须更新整条区块链,这不是一个自动义务的事情,而是自愿的事情。对于公有链而言,是你想从链上获益就必须按照规则成为节点,而不是相反。而私有链和联盟链则反过来——你先成为节点,然后按照规则行事。
城市节点有什么用? What's the use of city nodes? 主要分布于各个主要城市地区,每个市/区只能有一个节点名额。节点申请无门槛人人都可参与,但作为公有链申请人要想因此获益就必须按照规则成为节点。城市节点相当于前文提到的比特币中全力工作的节点(在机器实体上载有比特币核心客户端和完整区块链的节点)。唯一的区别在于城市节点是以“服务用户”为原则,秉承对全网开放,共同推动链信平稳健康可持续发展理念。 The node application is open to everyone, but to be a public-chain applicant, it must be a rule-based node. The node is equivalent to the node of full work in bitcoin (which contains the node of the Bitcoin core client and complete block chain on the machine entity mentioned above). The only difference is that the node is open to the whole network, based on the principle of “service users” and promotes the idea of a healthy and sustainable development of the chain of trust. 基础常识 Basic common sense. 举个例子 Let me give you an example. 我们可以把区块链节点理解为,我们开一家公司,发展的代理商或经销商,分公司等,这样就很好理解什么是区块链节点。分公司理解为超级节点,省级代理理解为大节点,每个分公司发展的市级代理,县级代理可以理解为,小节点。个人代理可以理解为轻节点。 We can interpret block chain nodes as if we were a company, development agents or distributors, branch offices, etc., so that we can understand what a block node is. Sub-firms understand as supernodes, provincial nodes as big nodes, municipal nodes for development of each sub-company, county nodes as small nodes. Personal nodes can be understood as light nodes. 比如我们生活中使用的聊天软件,每天的聊天信息、朋友圈,视频等这些数据的存储和运行都在第三方公司的服务器里。这个处理数据的服务器,我们就可以称之为“节点”。 For example, chat software that we use in our lives, daily chat information, friends' circles, videos, etc., are stored and run on a third-party server. This is a data-processing server that we can call the node. 但是这种传统的中心化数据库显然存在着被一锅端的巨大风险。 However, it is clear that there is a great risk that this traditional centralized database will be used in a single pot. 区块链是去中心化的分布式数据库,它不依托于哪一个中心化的服务器,而是由千千万万个“小服务器”、“节点”组成。节点分布越多、越广泛,区块链网络就更加的去中心化,网络运行也就越安全、越稳定。 The block chain is a decentralised distributed database, which is not dependent on a centralized server, but consists of tens of millions of “small servers” and “nodes”. The more distributed the nodes, the wider the network, the more central the network, the safer and more stable the network is.
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