以區塊鏈為特色的中國軟件名區(效果圖)
近日，廣州正式獲工信部批復創建區塊鏈發展先行示范區，成為全國首個獲批創建區塊鏈發展先行示范區的城市，這標志著廣州在發展區塊鏈產業的道路上又邁出了重要的一步。
In recent days, Guangzhou has officially been awarded the Ministry of Industry and Communications the creation of a sector development pilot area, becoming the country's first city to be a sector development pilot, marking another important step on the road to the development sector.
作為中國軟件名城，廣州擁有充滿活力的科研氛圍、豐富的人才資源和強勁的經濟發展動能，具有粵港澳大灣區區塊鏈產業發展高地的扎實基礎。區塊鏈技術與金融、智能制造、供應鏈、生物醫藥等領域的融合發展不斷深入，為多個行業帶來新的發展活力。
As a Chinese software city, Guangzhou has a vibrant scientific climate, a rich pool of human resources, and a strong economic development capacity, with a solid foundation for the development of highland chains in Hong Kong and the Australasia. The integration of regional chains and finance, smart manufacturing, supply chains, biomedical medicines, etc., continues to expand, bringing new dynamism to many industries.
在發展區塊鏈產業的道路上，廣州人務實的一面也表現得淋漓盡致。廣州將區塊鏈作為自主創新突破口，加快“建鏈、上鏈、用鏈”,堅持將區塊鏈產業發展作為服務實體經濟應用場景的重要推手，從金融、物流、政務、知識產權、工業互聯網等方面，不斷增強區塊鏈技術與傳統經濟各個領域的深度融合，構建經濟高質量發展新引擎。
On the road to the development of regional chains, Guangzhou has done its best on the part of humans. Guangzhou uses the chains as an autonomous new entry point to speed up the process of “linking, uplinking, chaining” and insists on the development of the chains as an important driver in the context of serving the economic applications of the real economy. In the areas of finance, logistics, government, intellectual property rights, and industrial and industrial networks, it has increased the depth of the technological and traditional economy, creating a new engine of economic excellence.
案例聚焦
Case Focus
招投標“上鏈”企業少跑腿
"Strange" bid for "uplink" business short-legged
一台手機搞定政務交易
2020年4月16日，廣州公共資源交易中心誕生一項新紀錄，國內首個採用區塊鏈技術進行招標的項目——廣州市第五資源熱力電廠外立面變更設計服務項目在該中心順利完成電子評標。
On April 16, 2020, a new record was created at the Guangzhou Public Resource Trading Centre, the country's first project to use the sector-link technology for the design of a change of design service outside the Guangzhou fifth power plant.
據了解，以往紙質招投標現場往往人潮涌動，招標書得提前准備好，一旦出現錯誤，競標者就要來回走，效率比較低。而採用區塊鏈技術進行招標，應標者可以通過手機端搞定。
It is known that in the past, paper tenders used to be popular, that they had to be prepared in advance, and that if they were wrong, the competition would have to go back and forth, with less efficiency. And, using the sector chain technology, they could be handled via a mobile phone.
在廣州市第五資源熱力電廠外立面變更設計服務招標項目中，6家投標人全部通過“易鏈通”智慧交易平台完成投標信息登記和電子投標，其中兩家投標人使用基於區塊鏈技術研發的“標信通”APP。投標人隻需先通過手機掃碼登錄交易系統，登錄后在APP端完成遞交和解密投標文件，辦理和遞交投標電子保函，就可以順利完成投標，真正實現少跑腿。
In the external design change service offer for the fifth power plant in Guangzhou City, all six of the bidders completed the posting of information logs and e-subscripts via the “I-link” smart-trading platform, two of them using the “synchronous information” APP based on sector chain technology. The labelers only have to log in the trading system through cell phone scans, post-record the delivery and declassification of bid documents at the APP end, and organize and deliver the tender electronic guarantee, so that they can successfully complete the bid, which is a true short-run.
數安時代科技股份有限公司副總經理肖強介紹，本次廣州政務信息化平台上“區塊鏈+交易”的首試告捷，可以說成功開啟了政務交易業務指尖辦理的新紀元。此政務交易信息化平台的構建與成功應用，主要得益於區塊鏈技術與“移動數字証書”的合作，讓投標人實現指尖掃碼簽名簽章，對投標文件進行加解密，讓投標信息安全登記，讓整個電子投標過程安全有效。而根據《合同法》《電子簽名法》《密碼法》等，可靠的電子簽名、電子印章與手寫簽名或蓋章具有同等法律效力。可以說，因為區塊鏈技術的應用，實現了不用紙不用筆，一台手機就能搞定政務交易。
The Deputy Managing Director of Digital Times Technology Ltd., John Shaw, has suggested that the opening of the first test of a “block chain-plus deal” on the Guangzhou political information platform could be described as successful in opening up a new dimension for the executive branch. The construction and successful application of this platform is largely facilitated by the collaboration between the sector chain technology and the “move digital proof” that allows the bidder to sign up to the point, declassify the bid documents, allow the input information to be registered safely, and make the entire electronic bid process work. And, according to, for example, the Electronic Signature Act of the Contract Act, reliable electronic signatures, electronic seals and handwritten signatures have the same legal effect as handwritten signatures or seals.
展望未來，基於區塊鏈技術與“移動數字証書”技術提供的可信電子印章解決方案，還將適用於電子合同往來、電子信息發布、電子信息交流。客戶可以在移動端進行實名認証、在線簽署，享受更便捷更高效的文件、合同簽署服務。
Looking ahead, a credible electronic stamp solution based on sector chain technology and moving digital evidence technology will also be applied to electronic contracts, electronic information distribution, and electronic information exchange. Clients will be able to authenticate, sign online, and have easier and more efficient documentation and contract signing services at the moving end.
搶抓“新基建”機遇
400家區塊鏈企業集聚廣州
據廣州市工業和信息化局相關負責人介紹，目前，廣州正實施區塊鏈產業生態構建工程，引導形成“大企業建生態、小企業進生態”協同共進發展格局。早在2017年7月，廣東省內首家區塊鏈行業協會——廣州市區塊鏈產業協會正式成立，統籌布局重點建設4大平台1個基地（即區塊鏈通用開發平台、區塊鏈雙創平台、區塊鏈檢測平台、區塊鏈產業服務平台和面積10萬平方米的區塊鏈創新基地）。
As early as July 2017, the first regional chaining association in Guangdong Province - the Guangzhou Municipal Chain Industry Association - was formally established to focus on building a four-platform platform (i.e., the sector chain common development platform, the sector chain dual creation platform, the sector chain inspection platform, the district chain industry service platform and the 100,000-millimeter site).
得益於區塊鏈產業生態構建工程，國內科技型大企業紛紛前來廣州覓商機。如廣州市與京東集團開展深度合作，引入京東數字科技集團旗下的國產區塊鏈“至臻鏈”，發揮其自主核心技術優勢，提供促進中小微技術企業發展、優化營商服務環境的平台技術服務，協同產業鏈上下游打造區塊鏈生態，幫助企業的供應鏈科技升級與產業數字化轉型。廣州還與騰訊、阿裡巴巴、百度等區塊鏈行業龍頭接洽，力爭引進培育若干國內領先且具有核心技術的區塊鏈龍頭企業。
For example, Guangzhou City has worked closely with the Tokyo Corporation to bring the chain of state products under the Kyoto Digital Technology Corporation to “the chain” and to develop its own core technological advantages by providing platform technology services that promote the development of small and medium-sized technology enterprises, the optimization of business services, and the building of regional chains in and below the industry chain to help enterprises upgrade supply chains and digitally transform their industries. The state is also engaged in a number of competitions to foster a chain of industrial dragons that are leading and central to the development of small and medium-sized technology enterprises.
引入大企業的同時，廣州還結合粵港澳大灣區建設，緊抓數字“新基建”的重大戰略機遇，推動骨干企業加快打造區塊鏈基礎設施資源池，孵化面向交通、衛生健康、食品藥品等領域的創新解決方案，培育一批具有安全穩定區塊鏈產品的行業重點企業。截至2020年5月，廣州已集聚區塊鏈企業約400家，涵蓋金融、政務、民生、制造業等多個領域。在國家網信辦發布的三批共730個境內區塊鏈信息服務備案名單中，廣州共39家41個案例入選，居全國前列。
In parallel with the introduction of large businesses, Guangzhou has joined up with the Bay of Australasia in Hong Kong. By May 2020, Guangzhou had brought together about 400 local companies covering financial, political, civic, and manufacturing sectors. Of the three series of 730 territorial information service packages distributed by the National Network, 39 have been elected in the country’s top 41 cases.
目前，廣州培育了廣州區塊鏈國際創新中心、黃埔鏈谷、蟻米區塊鏈眾創空間、區塊鏈未來空間等四大載體，基本形成區塊鏈全產業鏈的產業集群，初步形成區塊鏈底層應用開發及應用服務商產業集群。
At present, Guangzhou has developed four major carriers, such as the Guangzhou Regional Chain International Creative Centre, the Yellow Ribbon Valley, the Antxle Chain Open Space, and the Future Space of the Chain, to form essentially a whole chain cluster of industries that initially form the bottom layer of the chain for the development and application of service providers.
基層思考
廣州市工業和信息化局總工程師胡志剛：
General Engineer Ho Chigang of the Guangzhou Industrial and Informatics Department:
推進“一核多區”產業布局 支持有條件的區先行先試
Pushing into the “one nuclear multi-region” industry layout & nbsp;
廣州將在區塊鏈創新發展領域繼續前行，把區塊鏈作為核心技術自主創新的重要突破口，力爭打造成為國內區塊鏈產業集聚區、創新引領區、應用先行區。努力培育一批具有安全穩定區塊鏈產品的行業重點企業，覆蓋產業鏈各個環節，逐步形成“基礎底鏈+BaaS平台+應用開發+行業應用”區塊鏈全產業鏈集群發展格局。 Guangzhou will continue to move forward in the area of sector-based new development, using sector-based chains as an important entry point for core technological autonomy, and will strive to become a domestic cluster of chain-based industries, a new lead area, and a front-line zone for applications. Efforts will be made to develop a community of industry-focused businesses with secure and stable sector-based chains, covering all segments of the chain, gradually forming a whole-of-business cluster development pattern for the “base-line + BaaS platform + open-development + industry applications” chain.
當前，廣州正在推進形成“一核多區”的發展布局。統籌全市區塊鏈產業發展布局，推進黃埔區打造以區塊鏈為特色的中國軟件名城示范區，鼓勵天河區等軟件實力較強的區域重點發展區塊鏈相關的底層平台研發創新，引導荔灣、越秀、南沙等區大力拓展區塊鏈在政務、醫療等領域應用場景供給。 At the same time, Guangzhou was moving towards a “nuclear multi-region” development. The development of the entire city chain industry was being developed, and the Yellow Plum district was being promoted to create a Chinese software city model, featuring a regional chain, to encourage the development of bottom-level platforms linked to the chain of high-impact development areas, such as the Tian River region, which will lead to the creation of new sites for the political, medical and other areas of the Bay, Viet Soo, Nansha and other regions where the chain should be significantly expanded.
同時，廣州還不斷加快提升自主可控的創新能力。密切跟進公有鏈底層平台開發，構建自主可控的區塊鏈底層平台。實施重點領域研發計劃，圍繞區塊鏈產業重點領域組織實施重大科技專項﹔實施高新技術企業樹標提質行動，支持區塊鏈企業壯大為行業標杆企業﹔支持區塊鏈企業建設工程技術研究中心、重點實驗室、技術中心、院士工作站等研發機構。 At the same time, Guangzhou is constantly accelerating the upgrading of its capacity for autonomous innovation. Closely following the development of public chain bottom platforms, it is developing autonomous chain bottom platforms.
此外，廣州正在不斷努力構建開放共享的產業生態。支持有條件的區先行先試，加快區塊鏈和人工智能、大數據、物聯網等前沿信息技術的深度融合，在政務、金融、產業以及教育等領域開放一批區塊鏈應用場景，形成一批可復制推廣的商業模式，推出一批區塊鏈規則和標准體系。組織開展區塊鏈行業應用場景示范工程，遴選一批區塊鏈成熟應用並推廣示范。 In addition, Guangzhou is constantly trying to construct open and shared industries. Pre-testing of conditional districts is being supported to speed up the process of deep integration of sector chains with cutting-edge information technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet, and to open up a series of sector chains for use in government, finance, industry, and education fields, creating a number of replicable business models, and introducing a set of sector chain rules and standard systems.
專家點評 expert comment
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解決民生痛點助力實體經濟將是區塊鏈的核心價值所在
區塊鏈商用時代正在加速到來，中國自主創新能力的提升是區塊鏈加速商業化的基礎。泡沫散盡后的區塊鏈，正在回歸到它最核心的價值：建立信任。其透明可溯、不可篡改的特性，大大降低了社會信任成本，提升了社會的運轉效率。 The commercial era of the chain is accelerating, and China’s ability to create new ones is the foundation of the chain’s accelerated commercialization. The chain of the bubble is returning to its most central value: confidence-building. Its transient and non-defeating character significantly reduces the cost of social trust and enhances the efficiency of society’s functioning.
區塊鏈的價值絕不在於炒幣，而在解決社會問題，服務於實體經濟。因此，區塊鏈主攻要兩個方向，一是解決民生痛點，二是支持實體經濟。眼下，區塊鏈電子票據、區塊鏈電子發票、區塊鏈電子處方、區塊鏈保險理賠等已經在全國各地城市開始試點。 The value of the chain is by no means a bribe, but rather a social problem that serves the real economy. Thus, the chain has two directions, one for solving the human suffering and the other for supporting the real economy.
他舉例說，早在2018年12月10日，廣東省稅務局牽手螞蟻金服旗下的支付寶、螞蟻區塊鏈和其合作伙伴廣州方欣科技，升級了全國首個區塊鏈電子發票平台“稅鏈”，實現了從開票到報銷、入賬的全閉環。首張升級版區塊鏈電子發票在廣州黃埔華苑大酒店開出。消費者用支付寶結賬后，可在支付成功頁面直接點擊開票，電子發票會自動同步到支付寶的發票管家，其可與企業ERP、財務軟件對接，實現發票全程同步電子化報銷，報銷款直接打入員工綁定賬戶。由此從開票到報銷到賬僅1分鐘。而在以前，這個流程大約需要半個月。 By way of example, as early as December 10, 2018, the tax office of Guangdong Province took the payment treasure, the ants sector chain and its partner, Guangzhou Fashion Technology, and upgraded the country's first district chain electronic ticketing platform, the tax chain, which is now completely closed from ticket opening to sale. The first upgraded version of the chain was issued at the Yellow Wah Hotel in Guangzhou.
針對廣州區塊鏈應用的發展和布局，蔣國飛建議要以服務於實體經濟為目標，讓其社會價值最大化。 With regard to the development and layout of the Guangzhou chain, China proposes to maximize its social value by targeting services to the real economy.
廣州區塊鏈那些事兒 {\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}What's going on in Guangzhou?
2017年12月，廣州市黃埔區、廣州開發區發布全省首個“區塊鏈十條”政策——《廣州市黃埔區廣州開發區促進區塊鏈產業發展辦法》，從適用范圍、培育、成長、平台、應用、技術、金融、活動等多個環節對區塊鏈企業或者機構進行重點政策扶持，旨在打造國內創新能力和集聚程度最高的區塊鏈產業創新基地。 In December 2017, Guangzhou City, Huang Po District, Guangzhou Development Region, launched the province's first “Ten Chains” policy, the Guangzhou Development Area, which aims to create a new infrastructure for the development of chains in the country's most dynamic and concentrated districts, using a variety of components, such as appropriate areas, culture, growth, platforms, applications, technology, finance, activities, etc.
2018年3月，廣州市黃埔區、廣州開發區正式獲批建設首個以區塊鏈為特色的中國軟件名城示范區。這是繼上海張江、南京雨花台后國內第三家中國軟件名城示范區，也是國家工信部首次和唯一明確以區塊鏈為特色的中國軟件名城示范區。 In March 2018, Guangzhou City, Yellow Po District, Guangzhou Development Area, was officially approved to set up the first Chinese software city demonstration area with a sector-specific chain. This is the third Chinese software city demonstration area following Shanghai Zhang Gang, Nanjing Rainflower Station, and the first and only Chinese software city demonstration area with an explicit sector-specific chain.
2018年10月，廣州率先推出“政策公信鏈”，被國家工信部評為“2018可信區塊鏈十大案例”之一。此外，多個領域的試點應用加快區塊鏈技術大規模產業落地。 In October 2018, Guangzhou took the lead in launching the Policy Public Chain, which was rated by the National Department of Labor and Communications as one of the 10 largest cases of the 2018 credible sector chain. In addition, a number of sites should be used to accelerate the rapid development of the chain technology.
2019年3月，廣州互聯網法院“網通法鏈”智慧信用生態系統正式上線。 In March 2019, the Guangzhou Internet Court, the Wireless Credit Society System of the Internet Chain, officially went online.
2019年10月，廣州印發《廣州市擴大和升級信息消費實施意見（2019-2021年）》，引導行業骨干企業選擇醫療健康、供應鏈管理、產品追溯防偽、網絡協同制造、版權保護和交易、電子証據存証等條件成熟領域開展產業化應用。 In October 2019, Guangzhou published " Guangzhou City Expansion and Upgrading Information Consumption " (2019-2021), which led leading leading business enterprises to opt for the use of mature areas such as health care, supply chain management, back-to-back counterfeiting of products, networking and manufacturing, copyright protection and trading, and electronic evidence storage.
2019年12月底，白雲區發出全國首批可信教育數字身份（教育卡），融合採用國產密碼、區塊鏈等核心技術，構建“可信教育身份鏈”。 At the end of December 2019, the White Cloud region released the country's first credible educational digital identity (the education card), combining core techniques such as a national birth code, a chain of blocks and the construction of a “credible educational identity chain”.
2020年4月，廣州公共資源交易中心著力打造“易鏈通”智慧交易平台，通過嵌入“標信通”App，使用“易鏈簽”“易鏈保”等應用工具，實現業務指尖辦理，提高信息化服務水平。 In April 2020, the Guangzhou Public Resource and Exchange Centre worked on the creation of a “link-to-link” smart trading platform, using applications such as “link-to-chain” tools such as “link-to-chain” tools, to improve the quality of information services.
2020年5月，廣州發布《廣州市推動區塊鏈產業創新發展的實施意見（2020-2022年）》，引導行業骨干企業選擇醫療健康、供應鏈管理、產品追溯防偽、網絡協同制造、版權保護和交易、電子証據存証等條件成熟領域開展產業化應用。（全媒體記者劉幸、繆璟、王維宣、穗工信宣） In May 2020, Guangzhou launched its Opinions on the New Development of the Quanzhou City Promotion Chain Industry (2020-2022), which led leading leading companies to choose health care, supply chain management, back-to-back counterfeiting of products, networking and manufacturing, copyright protection and trading, electronic evidence storage, etc.
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