本期要点
Highlights of the current period 学术前沿
Academic Front 孙丽岩｜政府数据开放范围裁量权的法律控制
Legal control of government data openness 焦孟頔｜半自动驾驶车辆交通事故的刑事责任
Criminal liability for semi-automatic vehicle traffic accidents 刘权｜论互联网平台的主体责任
Liu Xiangjin on the main responsibility of the Internet platform 新规速递
New Speed 上海市人大常委会｜《上海市促进人工智能产业发展条例》
Shanghai Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress 上海市交通委｜《上海市智慧高速公路建设技术导则》
Shanghai City Transport Commission, Shanghai City's Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Smart Highways in Shanghai 法律适用
law applies 四部门｜打击擅自使用他人美术、音乐等作品铸造NFT、制作数字藏品
Four departments are fighting against the unauthorized use of other people's works, such as art, music, to forge NFTs and make digital collections. 合肥法院｜公司技术人员勾结他人倒卖平台密码侵犯公民信息被判刑
He was sentenced for violating citizen's information by the technicals of the Jing Yu courthouse in collaboration with others to sell platform codes. 厦门市思明区人民法院｜全国首场元宇宙庭审开庭
The Sming District People's Court in Xiamen City opened the first court session of the nation's Won-Cosmos. 产业发展
Industrial development Gartner｜2022年人工智能四大创新，以数据为中心的AI成为焦点
Gartner made four major innovations in artificial intelligence in 2022, with data-centred AI becoming the focus 上海｜研发完成面向web3.0技术的互联网操作系统
Shanghai Poe has completed the development of an Internet operating system for Web3.0 technology IEEE计算机协会李鸣｜区块链技术将从四大关键要素支持元宇宙发展
The IEEE Computer Association Lee Qingxia block chain technology will support the development of the meta-cosmos from four key elements. 学术前沿
Academic Front 孙丽岩｜政府数据开放范围裁量权的法律控制
控制数据开放裁量权应在严格控权目的和灵活管理需要之间寻求平衡，按照“两端缩小，中间引导”建立权力控制机制，在重点领域开放与敏感数据不开放的内容上寻求裁量空间，同时严格规范依申请开放的程序，保证裁量权在符合行政目的理性空间内得到充分行使。（全文刊《法学家》2022年第5期）
The open discretion to control data should strike a balance between the strict purpose of control and the need for flexible management, establishing a power control mechanism along the lines of “reduced and intermediate” and seeking discretion on the content of open and sensitive data in priority areas, while strictly regulating the process of open access on application, guaranteeing that discretion is fully exercised in rational space consistent with administrative purposes. (The full edition of Jurist No. 5 of 2022) 孙丽岩，厦门大学法学院教授。
Professor, Faculty of Law, Xiamen University, Sun Lilong. 张明｜数据本地化措施援引安全例外的解释论
数据本地化措施是各国普遍采取的维护网络安全和数据安全的国内监管措施。但是，基本安全利益包装之下的经济利益目的仍然应当被排除在可适用数据本地化措施的范围之外。而“国际关系中的紧急情况”则需要在国防和军事利益或维持法律和公共秩序的利益受到紧迫威胁时才可能满足。就安全例外条款的适用而言，数据本地化措施援引安全例外条款应当遵循善意原则的要求。（全文刊《北方法学》2022年第5期）
Data localization measures are national regulatory measures generally adopted by countries to maintain cybersecurity and data security. However, economic interests under the package of basic security interests should still be excluded from the scope of measures applicable to data localization. “Emergency situations in international relations” can only be met if national and military interests, or the interests of maintaining law and public order, are under imminent threat. With regard to the application of security exceptions, the invocation of security exceptions by data localization measures should be guided by the principle of good faith. (The full text of No. 5 of the North Methodology 2022) 张明，中国计量大学法学院讲师。
Zhang Ming, Lecturer at the Faculty of Law of the University of Metrology, China. 张婷｜数字经济时代数据犯罪的理念更新
在“数字安全法益观”之下，践行“重塑以数据为中心的法益保护体系+完善数据用户权益的全周期性保护”纵横双向路径，有助于推动数据刑法的立法和司法完善，构筑保障数据安全的法律屏障。（全文刊《法学论坛》2022年第5期）
Under the Digital Security Law Perspective, the implementation of the "reshaping data-centred legal protection system plus improving the full-cycle protection of the rights of data users" is a two-way route that contributes to the legislative and judicial improvement of data criminal law and the construction of legal barriers to data security. (The full text of the Law Forum No. 5 of 2022) 张婷，中国政法大学网络法学研究院讲师。
Zhang Ting, Lecturer, Institute of Legal Studies, China University of Political Science and Law Network. 焦孟頔｜半自动驾驶车辆交通事故的刑事责任
Criminal liability for semi-automatic vehicle traffic accidents 需要区分半自动驾驶车辆与全自动驾驶车辆的差异，界定出半自动驾驶汽车运行中人机合作的注意义务分配界限，厘清半自动驾驶责任主体的驾驶人、制造商的行为承担的刑事责任为何。结合注意义务、结果预见可能性、因果关系及被容许的风险等要素讨论过失犯罪的成立标准。（全文刊《法学》2022年第9期）
There is a need to distinguish between semi-automaticly driven vehicles and fully automated vehicles, to define the limits of the duty of care allocation for human cooperation in the operation of semi-automaticly driven vehicles, and to clarify the criminal liability for the actions of the driver and manufacturer of semi-automaticly responsible persons. 焦孟頔，中国政法大学刑事司法学院博士研究生。
Joo Meng-ho, Doctorate in Criminal Justice, Chinese University of Political Science and Law. 刘权｜论互联网平台的主体责任
Liu Quixiang on the main responsibility of the Internet platform 平台主体责任包括法律责任、契约责任和道德责任三层构造，分别要求平台积极履行法定义务、约定义务和道德义务。不适当地强调主体责任，一方面会导致平台运营成本过大，导致平台过度行使权力而损害公共利益；另一方面容易使得政府逃脱应有的监管责任。不宜过度泛化主体责任，在特定情形下应当允许平台适度变通落实主体责任。（全文刊《华东政法大学学报》2022年第4期）
The main liability of the platform consists of three layers of liability: legal, contractual, and moral, requiring the platform to be active in fulfilling its statutory, contractual, and moral obligations, respectively. Undue emphasis on the primary responsibility can lead to excessive operating costs for the platform, leading to excessive exercise of power by the platform to the detriment of the public interest; and, on the other hand, it is easy for the government to escape the regulatory responsibility. It is not appropriate to overabundantly generalize the primary responsibility, and the platform should be allowed, in certain circumstances, to operate with a moderate degree of flexibility. (The full text of the Journal of the University of Political Law, 2022, No. 4) 刘权，中央财经大学法学院副教授。
Liu Quan, Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Central University of Finance and Economics. 魏斌｜法律论证人工智能研究的非形式逻辑转向
The non-formatical logic of the legal argument for artificial intelligence research is shifted to . 在非形式逻辑人工智能建模的视野下，法律论证的人工智能研究以论证的可废止性来表达法律论证的证明责任及其转移，以对话理论来构建法律论证的程序理论，以论证图式理论来刻画法律论证图式及其批判性问题，以论证分析理论来解析法律论证的结构，以论证评估理论来启发法律论证的自动化评估。（全文刊《法商研究》2022年第5期）
In the perspective of non-formal logical artificial intelligence modelling, forensic AI studies express the burden of proof of legal argument and its transfer in terms of its revocability, and the theory of dialogue in order to construct the procedural theory of legal argument, in order to justify the graphic theory of legal argument and its critical aspects, in order to interpret the structure of legal argument in terms of its analytical theory, in order to justify the assessment theory to inspire an automated assessment of legal argument. (The full text of the Merchant Study No. 5, 2022) 魏斌，浙江大学光华法学院研究员。
Weibin, Fellow at Zhejiang University School of Law, Guanghua. 新规速递
New Speed 北京市经信局｜《关于促进先进制造业和软件信息服务业中小企业升规稳规创新发展的若干措施（2023-2025年）》
9月15日，北京市经信局发布《关于促进先进制造业和软件信息服务业中小企业升规稳规创新发展的若干措施（2023-2025年）》。《若干措施》明确升规企业为上年或当年首次达到规模以上标准的先进制造业和软件信息服务业企业；稳规企业为上年度产值（或营业收入）首次突破1亿元（含）的先进制造业和软件信息服务业企业。对上年或当年升规先进制造业企业给予一次性奖励不超过30万元、50万元，对符合条件的稳规先进制造业、软件信息服务业企业一次性奖励不超过50万元。（北京市经信局网）
On September 15, the Beijing City Bureau of Information issued Measures to Promote the Development of Stimulation and Innovation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Advanced Manufacturing and Software Information Services (2023-2025). A number of measures explicitly promote enterprises as advanced manufacturing and software information services enterprises that have met more than their size in the previous year or for the first time in the same year; stabilization enterprises as advanced manufacturing and software information services enterprises that have broken 100 million yuan (including) for the first time in the previous year's production (or operating income). One-time incentives for advanced manufacturing enterprises to upgrade in the previous year or year did not exceed 300,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan and one-time incentives for eligible SIS enterprises did not exceed 500,000 yuan. (Beijing City Network of Information Technology) 北京市高级别自动驾驶示范区工作办公室｜《北京市高级别自动驾驶示范区数据分类分级白皮书》
Beijing High Level Autopilot Model Area Working Office White Paper on the classification of data for the Beijing High Level Autopilot Model Area 9月18日，北京市高级别自动驾驶示范区工作办公室发布《北京市高级别自动驾驶示范区数据分类分级白皮书》。《白皮书》综合评估了示范区数据重要性，从影响对象和影响程度两方面综合考虑，通过判断数据一旦遭到破坏、泄露、损毁等，对国家安全、公众利益、个人权益和企业合法权益的危害程度与影响，将数据等级分为DL1-DL5五个等级。（北京经济技术开发区网）
On 18 September, the Beijing City High-Level Autopilot Model Regional Work Office issued a White Paper on the Classification of Data for the Beijing City High-Level Autopilot Model Area. The White Paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the importance of data for the Model Area, taking into account both the target audience and the degree of impact, and divides data into five levels of DL1-DL5 by judging the extent and impact of data on national security, public interest, personal rights and legitimate business interests in the event of destruction, disclosure, destruction, etc. (the Beijing Network for Economic Technology Development). 海南省工业和信息化厅｜《海南省低速功能型无人车道路测试与示范应用管理办法（试行）》
Hainan Province Office of Industry and Informatization 9月20日，海南省工业和信息化厅公布《海南省低速功能型无人车道路测试与示范应用管理办法（试行）》。《管理办法》明确了低速功能型无人车道路测试与示范应用申请主体、车辆安全员、申请车辆的一般条件。申请流程为申请车辆经第三方机构一致性实车检验、专家评审后，由第三方机构报联席工作小组审核，审核通过后由联席工作小组办公室发放道路测试或示范应用通知书和车辆编码、标识。（海南省工业和信息化厅网）
On 20 September, the Hainan Province Department of Industry and Informatization published the Management Approach for Low-Range Functional Unmanned Road Tests and Demonstration Applications in Hainan Province (pilot). The Management Approach specifies the general conditions for applying for low-speed unmanned vehicle road tests and demonstration applications, vehicle wardens, and applications for vehicles. The application process is for applications for vehicles to be tested by a third-party agency, subject to an expert review by a joint working group of third-party agencies, which then issues road test or model application notifications and vehicle codes and markings by the office of the Joint Working Group. (Henan Department of Industry and Information Development Network) 上海市人大常委会｜《上海市促进人工智能产业发展条例》
Shanghai City People's Congress Standing Committee 9月22日，上海市人大常委会正式通过《上海市促进人工智能产业发展条例》，这是人工智能领域首部省级地方法规。条例包括总则、基本要素与科技创新、产业发展、应用赋能、产业治理与安全、附则等六章共七十二条。第九条规定，上海市经济信息化部门会同有关部门探索建立人工智能科研、应用等领域的负面清单；第六十五条规定，探索分级治理和沙盒监管，激发各类主体创新活力，拓展人工智能发展空间。（新华社）
On 22 September, the Shanghai Standing Committee of the Shanghai City People's Congress formally adopted the Shanghai City Regulation for the Development of Artificial Intelligent Industries, the first provincial regulation in the area of artificial intelligence. The regulations include six chapters, namely, general principles, basic elements and science, technology and innovation, industrial development, application empowerment, industrial governance and security, and by-laws. Article 9 provides that the Shanghai City Department of Economic Informatization, together with the relevant departments, will explore the creation of negative lists in areas such as artificial intelligence research, applications, etc. Article 65 provides that the exploration of hierarchical governance and sandbox regulation will stimulate innovation among various subjects and expand the space for artificial intelligence development. 上海市交通委｜《上海市智慧高速公路建设技术导则》
9月22日，上海市交通委、上海市交通运输局公布《上海市智慧高速公路建设技术导则》。《技术导则》明确根据智慧高速公路建设内容的感知度、智能化、互联性将智慧高速内容建设划分为L1-L4四个等级。通过路网级云控平台和路段级云控平台实现政策辅助智慧决策以及业务辅助智慧决策，根据历史数据预测交通运行时变特征，为重大节假日期间制定保障措施提供依据，探索差异化收费规则。（上海市交通委网）
On 22 September, the Shanghai City Transport Commission and the Shanghai City Transport Authority published the Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Smart Highways in Shanghai. The Technical Guidelines clearly divide the construction of intelligent high-speed content into L1-L4 levels based on the perception, intelligence and connectivity of the construction of intelligent highways. Policy-aided and operational-assisted intellectual decision-making is achieved through a network-level cloud control platform and a section-level cloud control platform, which predicts the characteristics of traffic during its operation based on historical data, provides a basis for the development of safeguards during major holidays, and explores differentiated fee-based rules. 法律适用
law applies 四部门｜打击擅自使用他人美术、音乐等作品铸造NFT、制作数字藏品
4 departments combat unauthorized use of other people's works of fine arts, music, etc. to forge NFTs and make digital collections 9月9日，国家版权局、工业和信息化部、公安部、国家互联网信息办公室四部门联合启动打击网络侵权盗版“剑网2022”专项行动。行动的重点之一是强化NFT数字藏品、“剧本杀”等网络新业态版权监管，严厉打击未经授权使用他人美术、音乐、动漫、游戏、影视等作品铸造NFT、制作数字藏品，通过网络售卖盗版剧本脚本，未经授权衍生开发剧本形象道具等侵权行为。（新华社）
On 9 September, the National Copyright Office, the Ministry of Industry and Informatization, the Ministry of Public Security, and the National Internet Information Office launched a special campaign to combat Internet piracy, “Swordnet 2022.” One of the priorities of the campaign was to strengthen the regulation of copyright in new industries such as NFT digital collections, “theatrical killings” and to severely combat violations such as the unauthorised use of other people's works of fine arts, music, manipulators, games, movies, etc., by casting NFTs, making digital collections, selling pirate scripts and developing the image of scripts through the Internet. 合肥法院｜公司技术人员勾结他人倒卖平台密码侵犯公民信息被判刑
Fatty Court technicians have been sentenced to for violating citizen information by colluding with others to sell platform passwords 9月15日，据合肥市瑶海区人民法院消息，某公司技术人员利用参与某信息资源共享项目的权限，勾结无业人员倒卖平台密码，非法获取公民信息，从中谋取高额利益。合肥市瑶海区人民法院对此案进行公开宣判，以侵犯公民个人信息罪，判处被告人杨某某、陶某、许某某、王某某有期徒刑三年，缓刑四年至二年八个月，缓刑三年八个月，并处罚金人民币二十五万元至二十万元不等。（安徽网）
On 15 September, according to the People’s Court of the Wuhai District of the City of Hoyot, the technical staff of a company used their authority to participate in a project to share information resources, colluded with the unemployed to sell the platform code, illegally obtained information from citizens and obtained high-value benefits from it. The People’s Court of the City of Hoo Hai sentenced the accused to three years’ imprisonment, four to two years’ eight months’ suspended sentence, three years’ suspended sentence and a fine ranging from $250,000 to 200,000 yuan. 河北｜男子利用公民个人信息“薅羊毛”获罪
> > 9月20日，河北长安网公布一案例，行唐县人民检察院对付某侵犯公民个人信息提起刑事附带民事公益诉讼，法院依法判处被告人付某有期徒刑一年，缓刑一年六个月，并处罚金4.5万元，退缴违法所得3.5万元，并在国家级新闻媒体上向社会公开赔礼道歉。2021年以来，付某通过QQ非法获取公民个人信息7000余条，其中5000余条通过QQ非法出售给他人用于在某支付平台“薅羊毛”。（河北长安网）
On 20 September, he announced a case in which the People's Procuratorate of Tang County initiated a criminal civil pro bono action against a citizen for violation of his personal information. The court sentenced the defendant to a term of imprisonment of one year, a suspended sentence of six months and a fine of $45,000, and a refund of the proceeds of the offence of $35,000, as well as a public apology to society in the national press. Since 2021, more than 7,000 articles of the personal information of citizens obtained illegally through QQQ have been paid, of which more than 5,000 have been illegally sold to others for use on a payment platform, QQ. 厦门市思明区人民法院｜全国首场元宇宙庭审开庭
9月23日，厦门市思明区人民法院进行全国首场元宇宙庭审。同时，厦门大学法学院教室内，法律硕士研究生通过元宇宙化身进入三维虚拟法庭空间，“旁观”庭审环节。为维护法庭秩序及庭审安全性，元宇宙庭审采用密码入会的身份核实方法；同时，由法庭后台统一管理发言权限及投票权限。三维虚拟法庭空间内的每一个庭审细节都能得到沉浸式体验与还原。（央广网）
On September 23, the Xiamen District People's Court held the first court session in the nation's Won-Cosmos. Meanwhile, in the Xiamen University School of Law classroom, Master of Law students entered the three-dimensional virtual court space through the Yuan-Cosmos, “bystanding” sessions. In order to maintain the order of the court and the security of the court hearing, the Yuan-Cosmos trial uses the means of identification by passwords; at the same time, the court's backstage centrally manages the rights to speak and vote. 产业发展
Industrial development Gartner｜2022年人工智能四大创新，以数据为中心的AI成为焦点
9月15日，Gartner2022年人工智能创新技术成熟度曲线（Gartner Hype Cycle）发布，以数据、模型、应用为中心的人工智能和以人为本的人工智能被列为2022年人工智能技术和应用中所必须了解的四大创新类别（What’s New in Artificial Intelligence from the 2022 Gartner Hype Cycle）。（赛博研究院）
On 15 September, Gartner's 2022 technology maturity curve for artificial intelligence innovation (Gartner Hype Cycle) was released, and artificial intelligence centred on data, models, applications and people-centred artificial intelligence was listed as the four major innovation categories that had to be understood in 2022 for artificial intelligence technology and applications (What's New in Artificial Inteligence from the 2022 Gartner Hydro Cycle). 上海｜研发完成面向web3.0技术的互联网操作系统
has developed and developed an Internet operating system for Web3.0 technology 9月20日，上海市政府举行“奋进新征程 建功新时代”党委专题系列第二场新闻发布会——科技创新专场。通过发布会获悉，近年来，上海支撑引领新兴产业创新发展，已研发完成面向web3.0技术的互联网操作系统（Conflux OS）。（上证报）
On 20 September, the Shanghai City Government held the second press conference in the series entitled “Towards a New Era of Merit” - a special session on science, technology and innovation. It was informed that, in recent years, Shanghai has supported the development of innovation in emerging industries and that an Internet operating system (Conflux OS) for Web3.0 technologies has been developed. IEEE计算机协会李鸣｜区块链技术将从四大关键要素支持元宇宙发展
9月20日消息，在第八届区块链全球峰会上，现任IEEE计算机协会区块链和分布式记账技术标准委员会主席李鸣发表《元宇宙研究与探索》主题演讲，阐述了元宇宙发展的背景，NFT有助于元宇宙的发展，并具有内容资产化、资产确权、知识产权保护等价值。此外，元宇宙的关键要素包括组织、身份、资产和活动四个方面，区块链恰好能够从这四个方面支持元宇宙的发展。（Metaverse元宇宙）
On September 20th, at the 8th Global Summit on Block Chains, IEEE's current Chair of the IEEE Computer Association's Block Chain and Distributive Accounting Technical Standards Committee, Lee Ming, gave a presentation on the background to the development of the meta-cosm, with NFT contributing to the development of the meta-cosm and with value in terms of content asset-assembly, asset rights, intellectual property protection, etc. In addition, the key elements of the meta-cosm include the four dimensions of organization, identity, assets, and activities, from which the grids can support the development of the meta-cosm. (Metaverse dollar cosmos) Messari｜复盘以太坊2022 Q3
2022 Q3 以太坊仍然是最活跃的加密生态系统，拥有大多数开发人员、用户和应用程序，向PoS的成功过渡有助于以太坊的进一步发展。但是，随着Aptos、Sui和Celestia等“Layer 1挑战者”在2022 Q4推出，以太坊必须巩固“护城河”并加快推动路线图，以保持其在智能合约领域内的领先地位。（Unitimes）
Ether is still the most active encryption ecosystem, with most developers, users, and applications, and a successful transition to PoS will help to further develop Ether. But, with the launch of “Layer 1 Challengers” like Aptos, Sui, and Celestia in 2022 Q4, Ether must consolidate the Protector River and accelerate the road map in order to maintain its leading position in the area of smart contracts. 中国移动｜开发5G潮汐智能天线
China's mobile platinum develops a 5G tidal intelligence antenna 近日，针对北京邮电大学内教学楼、宿舍楼、餐厅等场景的时空潮汐效应（用户位置在特定时间存在规律性迁移）特点，中国移动北京公司与中兴通讯股份有限公司合作，开发出“潮汐智能天线权值自优化技术”，应用后可实现网络与用户的时空动态跟随，“潮汐智能天线权值自优化技术”可自动调整网络天线方向和信号强度，让5G信号“随潮汐而动”。（中国移动）
In recent days, in response to the characteristics of the temporal and temporal tidal effects of the teaching buildings, dormitory buildings, restaurants, etc. at the Beijing Post and Telecommunications University (the user position is subject to regular migration at a given time), China Mobile Beijing, in cooperation with China Communications, Inc., has developed a “tidal smart antenna power self-optimizing technology”, which allows the network to follow the user's temporal and spatial dynamics, and “tidal smart antenna power self-optimizing technology” automatically adjusts the direction and signal intensity of the network antenna to allow the 5G signal to “move along the tide”. (China moves)
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