跑步进入比特币交易市场的首尔“江南大妈”们有些烦，因为11日传出消息，韩国政府打算通过立法关闭比特币交易所，这也使得比特币价格遭受“重创”。北京时间11日12时30分左右，比特币价格失守13000美元，当日最大跌幅超过13%。截至发稿，比特币收复了部分失地。
ran into the Bitcoin trading market in Seoul, where “Mam Jiangnan” was troubled by the news that the South Korean government intended to close the Bitcoin exchange by legislation on 11 September, which also caused the Bitcoin price to suffer a “worst blow.” At about 12.30 p.m. on 11 p.m. Beijing time, Bitcoin lost $13,000, the largest fall on that day was over 13%. As of the date of the release, Bitcoin recovered some of the lost ground.
韩国目前是除日本和美国外的第三大比特币交易国，一旦监管新政落地，必然会对全球虚拟货币交易带来巨大冲击。事实上，全球央行对于比特币的态度正趋向一致：不构成法定货币、对于潜在风险要予以足够重视。
South Korea is currently the third-largest trading country in bitcoin except Japan and the United States, and once a new deal is regulated, it will certainly have a huge impact on global virtual currency transactions. Indeed, the global central bank’s approach to bitcoin is convergent: it does not constitute a legal currency, and it needs to pay sufficient attention to potential risks.
不过，对于比特币的大涨大跌，华尔街大佬们仍在争论。“股神”巴菲特日前就公开否认比特币的价值；而摩根大通董事长兼CEO杰米·戴蒙仍表示对比特币毫无兴趣，只不过对自己此前就比特币发表评论之举表示遗憾。
However, the big Wall Streeters are still arguing about the huge ups and downs of Bitcoin. “Equant” Buffett has publicly denied the value of Bitcoin before; while Chairman Morgan Chase and CEO Jamie Damon continue to say that Bitcoin has no interest but to regret his earlier comments on Bitcoin.
在上海交通大学上海高级金融学院（高金/SAIF）11日举行的新年论坛上，米缸金融董事长曹晓峰认为，区块链技术能大规模提高效率，但目前各种虚拟货币交易中，更多的是投机。
At the New Year's Forum held at the Shanghai Institute of Advanced Finance (SAIF) of Shanghai Transport University, Chairman Cao Xiaofeng of the rice tank finance board argued that block chain technology could increase efficiency on a large scale, but that it was more speculative in various virtual currency transactions at present.
韩国监管态度成“导火索”
“这次大跌的原因，相比之前更为明确。”韩国比特币玩家朴恩志对第一财经记者表示，过去的半年多时间里，比特币价格出现过多次大跌，当时对于原因的分析也众说纷纭，但这一次玩家们的观点较为统一，“是韩国监管部门正在酝酿新政导致的。”
“The reasons for this fall are more clear than before.” South Korea’s bitcoin player Park Eun-chung said to the first financial journalist that the price of bitcoin had fallen several times over the past six months, and that the analysis of the reasons was mixed, but that this time the players had a more unified view that “the South Korean regulatory sector was in the process of creating a new deal”.
据韩国媒体11日报道，韩国法务部长朴相基表示，韩国司法部将同其他部门讨论，准备起草关闭加密货币交易所的法案。
According to the Korean media on 11 September, the Korean Minister of Justice, Sang-ky Park, indicated that the Korean Ministry of Justice would discuss with other departments the preparation of a bill to close the encrypted currency exchange.
消息发布后，有超过4万名韩国民众请愿，要求罢免金融监督委员会主席。韩国监管当局和韩国投资者之间的冲突进一步被激化。
After the news, more than 40,000 Koreans petitioned for the removal of the chairman of the Financial Supervisory Board. The conflict between Korean regulatory authorities and Korean investors was further exacerbated.
“涨了他们就开心，跌了就闹，炒币本来就是投机性、风险性很高的活动，一般人是承担不起损失的。韩国如果真要关闭交易所了，韩国投资人应该能回归‘正常生活’了。”朴恩志说。
“If they get up, they're happy, they fall, they're inherently speculative, risky, and ordinary people can't afford to lose. If South Korea closes the exchange, South Korean investors should be able to return to ‘normal life’.” Park Eunzhi says.
与此同时，韩国监管机构已经开始调查两大加密货币交易所，Bithumb和Coinone。调查包括销售数据在内的相关资料，韩国国家税务局（NTS）怀疑交易所存在逃税行为。
Meanwhile, Korea’s regulators have started investigating two major encrypted currency exchanges, Bithumb and Coinone. To investigate relevant information, including sales data, the Korea National Revenue Authority (NTS) suspects tax evasion on the exchange.
除了遭到税务调查，Coinone还因向投资者提供杠杆交易，正受到韩国警方的调查。警方认为，该交易所目前并没有获得提供此类服务的许可证，因此平台涉嫌向投资者提供非法赌博服务，违反资本市场法。
In addition to tax investigations, Coinone is being investigated by the Korean police for leveraging investors. The police believe that the exchange is currently not licensed to provide such services, and therefore the platform is suspected of providing illegal gambling services to investors in violation of capital market laws.
韩国相关监管部门早已盯上比特币，近期也在不断收紧比特币投机的“口子”。韩国政府之前就拟将虚拟货币交易定义为“类似授信行为”的一种，即认为比特币交易所在没有从监管机构获得金融机构牌照的情况下，进行了授信交易。
South Korea’s relevant regulators have long been targeting Bitcoin, and have been tightening the “mouth” of Bitcoin speculation in the recent past. The Korean government had previously proposed to define virtual currency transactions as a “similar act” in which the Bitcoin Exchange was deemed to have conducted credit transactions without obtaining a licence plate for financial institutions from the regulator.
为此，韩国政府将着手修改有关法律，并将提交至国会表决。相关法律的修订案将明确针对虚拟货币的保管、管理、流通、交换、买卖及中介等现有比特币交易所的行为。除了满足条件的交易所，严禁其他交易平台从事虚拟货币交易。
To that end, the Korean government will proceed to amend the relevant laws and submit them to Congress for a vote. The amendments will explicitly address the conduct of existing bitcoin exchanges, such as the custody, management, circulation, exchange, sale, and brokering of virtual currency.
此外，此次发布的监管措施中，韩国还将全面禁止未成年人及非居住外国人开设虚拟货币账户，并将虚拟货币投资收入纳入韩国的税收体系范围内；金融机构则不允许持有、买入、担保、投资虚拟货币。
In addition, in the regulatory measures issued on this occasion, the Republic of Korea will also completely prohibit the opening of virtual currency accounts for minors and non-resident foreigners and include the income from the investment of virtual currency in the Republic of Korea's tax system; financial institutions will not be allowed to hold, buy in, guarantee, invest in virtual currency.
韩国一家交易所内部人士告诉第一财经记者，他一个多月前已经从接近韩国监管人士处获悉，部分议员已经向国会提出“对投资收益征税”、“数字货币领域，禁止金融机构拥有、购入、做担保、入股”、“交易所应把客户资产存放、履行说明义务、认证使用者实名、秘钥分开保管、买入和卖出的叫价/订货量公开”以及“禁止ICO”，“交易所履行反洗钱义务”等提案内容。但这些条款需要韩国政府各部门相互配合研究细节，最终形成明确的法案对比特币进行监管。
An insider of an exchange in Korea told the first financial journalist that he had been informed by close Korean regulators more than a month ago that some members of Parliament had submitted proposals to Congress on “taxation of investment earnings”, “the digital currency area, which prohibits financial institutions from owning, buying, encumbrance, entering shares”, “the exchange should place its customer’s assets, fulfil its description obligations, authenticate the user’s real name, separate the key, buy and sell the bid/order volume public” and “prohibiting the ICO” of “exchanges from fulfilling their anti-money-laundering obligations.” These provisions, however, require that the various branches of the Korean government work together to study the details and eventually establish a clear bill to regulate the comparative currency.
分裂的华尔街
比特币大涨的时候，华尔街在吵；大跌的时候，华尔街还在吵。
When Bitcoin rose, Wall Street was fighting, and Wall Street was fighting when it fell.
“股神”巴菲特日前在接受媒体采访时公开表示，近期比特币和其他加密货币掀起的热潮会以悲剧告终。
In a recent media interview with Buffett, “George” publicly stated that the recent boom in Bitcoin and other encrypted currencies would end in tragedy.
巴菲特明确表示：“我基本确定它们不会有好的结果，但具体何时发生或以何种方式发生，目前还不确定。我会很乐意买入所有加密货币的看空期权，但我并不会真的这么去做。”
Buffett made it clear: “I'm pretty sure they won't work, but I'm not sure when or how, and I'm not sure. I'd be happy to buy the vacating options for all the encrypted money, but I wouldn't really do that.”
“股神”的老搭档查理·芒格也支持这一观点，他认为，比特币和风险投资形成了当前的两大泡沫。
This view was also supported by Charles Munger, an old partner of the Esquire, who argued that Bitcoin and venture investment formed two of the current bubbles.
针对近期刚刚上线的比特币期货，巴菲特表示，他目前并不持有比特币期货，但也不会做空它，“不但现在不会，今后也不会。我不会去投资（包括做空）一个我完全不了解的东西。”
In response to the recent online bitcoin futures, Buffett said that he does not currently hold bitcoin futures, but he won't empty them, “not now, not ever. I'm not going to invest (including emptying) something that I don't know at all.”
不过，杰米·戴蒙日前在接受福克斯（FOX）商业频道专访时表示，他就此前在去年9月对比特币发表评论表示遗憾。他说，当比特币交易越来越大时，政府不会无动于衷，“但我与别人的看法就是不同，我对这个东西根本不感兴趣。”去年9月，戴蒙曾说如果摩根大通有交易员从事比特币交易，他们将被解雇。
However, Jamie Damon, in a recent interview with the Fox Business Channel, expressed regret that he had previously commented on Bitcoin last September. He said that when bitcoin was increasingly traded, the government would not be indifferent, “but unlike others, I am not interested in this thing.” Last September, Damon said that if Morgan Chase had a trader in bitcoin, they would be fired.
除了遭到巴菲特的公开否定，比特币ETF的推出进程也不及预期。
Besides being publicly rejected by Buffett, the introduction of the Bitcoin ETF was less than anticipated.
纽约证券交易所1月8日正式向美国证券交易委员会（SEC）提交申请，预备发行五个新的比特币ETF基金，包含三个牛市基金和两个熊市基金。
然而，申请提交后的两天内，四家基金发行人撤回了上市申请。DirexionSharesETFTrust表示，监管部门对拟发行ETF投资的标的工具的流动性和估值表达了担忧；ExchangeListedFundsTrust也应SEC要求撤回多个比特币ETF发行申请；ProSharesTrust则于本周二撤回四只比特币ETF发行申请；VanEckVectorsETFTrust也于周二撤回了申请。
However, within two days of the submission of the application, four fund issuers withdrew their listing applications. DireXion SharesETFTrust stated that the regulatory authorities had expressed concern about the mobility and valuation of the tools to be the subject of the ETF investment; ExchangeListedFundsTrust also withdrew several Bitcoin ETF issuance applications at the request of SEC; ProSharesTrust withdrew four Bitcoin ETF issuance applications this Tuesday; and Van EckVectorsETFTrust withdrew its application on Tuesday.
虽然比特币期货去年底上市后，支持者认为比特币衍生品交易会引领比特币走向合法化，但SEC却对此类资产持怀疑态度。SEC上周末发布的一份报告指出，很多加密货币相关投资市场的参与者未遵守证券法要求，投资者仍需谨慎行事。
Although supporters believe that Bitcoin derivatives trading will lead to the legalization of bitcoins after the end of the year, SEC is sceptical about such assets. A report released by SEC last weekend noted that many participants in the encrypt currency-related investment market did not comply with securities law requirements, and investors still had to exercise caution.
尽管华尔街已经吵得热火朝天，但并没有影响投资者的热情。全球顶尖比特币交易网站Binance.com称，在过去的一段时间，每周都能增加几百万注册用户。由于注册需求过高，该网站甚至开始限制注册。
Although Wall Street is already in a hot state, it does not affect investors’ enthusiasm. Binance.com, the world’s top bitcoin trading website, has said that in the past few months, millions of registered users have been added every week. The website has even begun to restrict registration because of the high demand for registration.
全球央行意见趋同
Global Central Bank Convergence
相比华尔街大佬们的争执不休，各国央行对于比特币的态度正走向一致。
The attitude of central banks towards bitcoin is becoming more consistent than that of the Wall Street bosses.
除韩国政府部门外，中国央行去年9月就已明确态度，当时，在包括中国央行在内的七部委联合发布《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》后，虚拟货币在中国境内的交易渠道基本上全部进入关闭状态。
With the exception of the government sector in South Korea, the Central Bank of China took a clear stance last September, when virtual currency trading channels in China were largely closed after seven ministries and departments, including the Central Bank of China, jointly issued the Proclamation on Protection against the Risk of Money Issue Financing.
中国互联网金融风险专项整治办工作领导小组近日又向各省（区、市）、深圳市互联网金融风险专项整治工作领导小组办公室下发了一份针对比特币的通知，要求各地积极引导辖内企业有序退出比特币“挖矿”业务。
In recent days, the leadership group of China's special Internet-based financial risk management has sent a circular to provinces (districts and cities) and to the office of the lead group for the special Internet-related financial risk management in Shenzhen City, calling on all countries to actively direct their enterprises out of the Bitcoin “mining” business in an orderly manner.
美国方面，美联储主席耶伦在去年12月最后一次货币政策会议上表示，数字货币是一种“高度投机性的资产”，“不构成法定货币”。她还补充说，它在支付系统中起着“非常小的作用”，“并不是一个稳定的价值储藏手段”。
On the United States side, Federal Reserve Chairman Ellen stated at the last monetary policy meeting last December that digital currency is a “highly speculative asset” and “does not constitute a legal currency”. She added that it plays a “very small role” in payment systems and “is not a stable storage of value”.
欧洲央行行长德拉吉前不久也表示，虽然加密货币还没有“成熟”到足以让央行来加以监管，但金融危机的教训之一就是金融创新，在这种情况下它是金融和技术创新，“我们应该对其潜在风险予以足够的重视。”
The President of the European Central Bank, Draghi, also stated a short time ago that while crypto-currencys are not yet “manifestly mature” enough for central banks to regulate, one of the lessons of the financial crisis is financial innovation, in which case it is financial and technological innovation, and that “we should pay sufficient attention to their potential risks”.
加拿大央行、澳大利亚联储、日本央行的负责人们也都于近期表达了类似观点。
Similar views have recently been expressed by the heads of the Central Bank of Canada, the Australian Federal Reserve and the Central Bank of Japan.
稿源：第一财经日报
Source: First Daily Financial Journal
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